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9 / 2012

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Revista: 9 / 2012
Anul Publicarii:2012
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Revista Transilvania

Științe socio-umane

Arte vizuale

Filozofie și studii sociale

Antropologie și etnologie

Sociologie

Științe politice & juridice

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Antropologie. Studii filozofice

Teologie

Ioan Alexandru Tofan, Despre conceptul de „experienţă“ la Walter Benjamin. Teologie, cunoaştere şi politică

Autor: Ioan Alexandru TOFAN
Email: atofanro@yahoo.com

On the concept of „experience” in Walter Benjamin’s Works. Theology, knowledge and Politics

This article discusses the multiple dimensions of the concept of „experience” in the late works of Walter Benjamin. Three main scenarios use extensively this concept: the epistemological scenario (Kant being the main reference here), the theological scenario (centered on the problem of messianism) and the political one (oriented towards the justification of the revolutionary act). The thesis of the article is that these three are groundly linked together when Benjamin discusses the problem of modernity. The result is a multiple image of modernity as a metaphore of the urban world.

Keywords: theology, politics, knowledge, critics, Walter Benjamin, metropole, flaneur

  • Allen, Richard W., „The Aesthetic Experience of Modernity: Benjamin, Adorno and Contemporary Film Theory”, în New German Critique 40/1987, pp. 225-240.
  • Benjamin, Walter, Copilăria berlineză la 1900 [Berlin Childhood around 1900], Humanitas, Bucureşti, 2010.
  • Benjamin, Walter, Iluminări [Illuminations], Idea, Cluj-Napoca, 2002.
  • Benjamin, Walter, Originea dramei baroce germane [The Origin of the German Tragic Drama], TACT, Cluj-Napoca, 2010.
  • Benjamin, Walter, The Arcades Project, Belknap Press, Cambridge, 1999.
  • Benjamin, Walter, Selected Writings I, Belknap Press, Cambridge, Londra, 1996
  • Benjamin, Walter, Selected Writings, II/1, Belknap Press, Cambridge, Londra, 1999
  • Benjamin, Walter, Charles Baudelaire. Un un poète lyrique à l’apogée du capitalisme [Charles Baudelaire. A Lyrique Poet in the Era of High Capitalism], Payot, Paris, 2002
  • Caygill, Howard, Walter Benjamin. The Colour of Experience, Routledge, Londra, 1998.
  • Hull, Gordon, „«Reduced to a zero-point»: Benjamin’s Critique of Kantian Historical Experience”, în The Philosophical Forum, XXXI, 2/2000, pp. 163-186.
  • Jacobson, Eric, Metaphysics of the Profane. The Political Theology of Walter Benjamin and Gerschom Scholem, Columbia University Press, New York, 2003.
  • Opitz, Michael; Wizisla, Erdmut (ed.), Benjamins Begriffe [Benjamin’s Concepts], Suhrkamp, Frankfurt am Main, 2000
  • Parker, Simon, Urban Theory and the Urban Experience: Encountering the City, Routledge, New York, 2004.
  • Scholem, Gerschom, Walter Benjamin und sein Engel, Suhrkamp, Frankfurt am Main, 1992.

Valeriu Gherghel, Non sequitur

Autor: Valeriu GHERGHEL
Email: valeriu.gherghel@yahoo.com

Non sequitur

Some literary critics (and they are many) say that a text is uninterpretable precisely because it carries many (excessively so) explanations and interpretations. In other words: a certain text is uninterpretable precisely because it is interpretable. This is one strange statement! Only under one circumstance, a text (a parable, a poem, a fable, etc.) is uninterpretable. With regard to this matter R. M. Albérès was right: Interpretation is possible when the text is “unbelievable and irrational”. Only the irrational is truly uninterpretable. I’m not sure though whether a “unbelievable and irrational” writing has got any aesthetic value. I very much doubt it

Keywords: hermeneutics, principle of simplicity, uninterpretability, unreadability

  • Albérès, R. – M., Istoria romanului modern, traducere de Leonid Dimov, Bucureşti: Editura pentru Literatura Universală, 1968.
  • Armstrong, Paul B., Conflicting Readings: Variety and Validity in Interpretation, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1990.
  • Barthes, Roland, “La réponse de Kafka”, in Essais critiques, Paris: Éditions du Seuil, 1964, pp. 138-142.
  • Blöcker, Günter, Die neuen Wirklichkeiten: Linien und Profile der modernen Literatur, Berlin: Argon Verlag, 1957.
  • Boa, Elizabeth, “The Castle”, in Preece, Julian (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Kafka, Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002, pp. 61-79.
  • Eco, Umberto, Lector in fabula: Cooperarea interpretativă în textele narative, traducere de Marina Spalas, Bucureşti: Editura Univers, 1991.
  • Friedrich, Hugo, Structura liricii moderne. De la mijlocul secolului al 19-lea până la mijlocul secolului al 20-lea, traducere de Dieter Fuhrmann, Bucureşti: Editura pentru Literatura Universală, 1969.
  • Hirsch Jr., E. D., “Objective Interpretation”, PMLA, 75: 4 (1960): 463-479.
  • Orr, Leonard, “Hermeneutic Resistance: Four Test Cases for the Notion of Literary Uninterpretability”, Journal of Literary Semantics, 36: 2 (2007): 121–134.
  • Perrine, Lurence, “The Nature of Proof in the Interpretation of Poetry”, The English Journal, 51: 6 (1962): 393-398.
  • Robert, Marthe, Kafka, Paris: Gallimard, 1960.
  • Shiloh, Ilana, “Allegories of Evil. Kafka’s The Castle and Auster’s The Music of Chance”, in Nancy Billias & Agnes B. Curry (eds.), Framing the Evil: Portraits of Terror and the Imagination, Oxford: Interdisciplinary Press, 2008, pp.13-21.
  • Skinner, John L., “A Rose for Emily: Against Interpretation”, The Journal of Narrative Technique, 15: 1 (1985): 42-51.
  • Targan, Barry, “The Equalization Fallacy”, The Sewanee Review, 102: 3 (1994): 446-451.
  • Vincent, Deirdre, “’I’m the King of the Castle…’: Franz Kafka and the Well-Tempered Reader”, Modern Language Studies, 17: 4 (1987): 60-75.
  • Wlassics, Tibor, ”Crux and Context in Dante’s Comedy”, Annali d’italianistica, 8 (1990): 300-313.

Ioana Gabriela Matiu, Aichelburg: primii ani de exil

Autor: Ioana Gabriela MATIU
Email: ioanamatiu@yahoo.com

Aichelburg: the first years of exile

This article is an analysis of Aichelburg’s first years in Germany. It deals with the first three volumes of poetry Aichelburg published on German ground, after his escape from Romania, i.e. Aller Ufer Wiederschein, Anhalter Bahnhof, Corrida and their critical reception. The analysis focuses on several short stories the author published in German publications of the time, between cultural events, reading nights, conferences or musical events.  Worte als Gefahr und Gefahrdung by Peter Motzan and Stefan Sienerth had a significant impact on German readership mainly because of the fact that it reminded them of the five writers sentenced by communist authorities after the so-called Trial of the German Writers, i.e. Hans Bergel, Harald Siegmund, George Scherg, Andreas Birkner and Wolf von Aichelburg. In recognition to his literary achievements in Germany, Aichelburg was awarded the Siebenbürgisch-sächsischer Literaturpreis.

Keywords: Aichelburg, Aller Ufer Wiederschein, Anhalter Bahnhof, Corrida, Siebenbürgisch-sächsischer Literaturpreis, poetry, Transylvania.

Bibliografie primară

  • Aichelburg, Wolf, Aller Ufer Widerschein. Innsbruck: Editura Wort und Welt Verlag, 1984.
  • Aichelburg, Wolf, Anhalter Bahnhof. Gedichte. Innsbruck: Editura Wort und Welt Verlag, 1985.
  • Aichelburg, Wolf, Corrida. Innsbruck: Editura Wort und Welt Verlag, 1987.

Bibliografie secundară

  • Sichelschmidt, Marion, Wolf von Aichelburg – Beamter, im Treppenhaus eingesperrt. În: Rheinische Post, 3.07.1982.
  • Peter Motzan, Stefan Sienerth, Worte als Gefahr und Gefährdung. Fünf deutsche Schriftsteller vor Gericht. Munchen: Südostedeutsches Kulturwerk, 1993.
  • Engel, Walter, Discursul cu ocazia decenării premiului pentru literatura transilvăneană săsească (prescurtat). În: KK, Frankfurt am Main, nr. 812, 15 noiembrie 1991, p. 13.
  • Motzan, Peter, Das Gefeiertwerden ist mir, wie Sie ja wissen, … ein Greuel. În: Siebenbürgische Zeitung, 20 ianuarie 1992, p. 3.
  • Meister, Martina, Staatswillür und Autorenschicksal. În: Badische Zeitung, Freiburg, 22 ianuarie 1992.
  • Zultner, Johannes, …wie auf der Bühne nach getanem Spiel. În: copie dintr-un ziar aflată în arhiva Wolf von Aichelburg de la Institutul pentru Cultura şi Istoria Germană din Sudestul Europei din cadrul Universităţii “Ludwig Maximilian” München.
  • Hoffmann, Fernand, Heiterkeit aus Trauer, Mut und christlicher Hoffnung. În: Die Warte. Perspectives, Saint Poul Luxembourg, 7 mai 1986.
  • Ionescu, Cornel Mihai, Orfismul tăcerii şi poezia lui Wolf von Aichelburg. În: Luceafărul, 14 iunie 1985, p. 7.
  • Zultner, Johannes, Wolf von Aichelburg zum 75 Geburtstag. În: Siebenbürgische Zeitung, 15 decembrie 1986, p. 7.
  • Windisch-Middendorf, Renate, În: Beiträge zur deutschen Kultur, 1 Jg, Freiburg, 1984.
  • Wolf von Aichelburg – Aller Ufer Wiederschein – Gedichte. În: Der Literat, Zeitschrift für Literatur und Kunst, Freiburg, 15 martie 1992, anul 26, nr. 3.
  • Breither, Karin, Gedichte und Bilder. În: Das Preußenblatt, Hamburg, 12 octombrie 1985, p. 9.
  • Petraş, Irina, O carte în dezbatere. Cercul literar de la Sibiu/Cluj. Deschidere către europeism şi universalitate de Dan Damaschin. În: Tribuna,nr. 166, 1-15 august 2009.
  • Balaci, Nicoleta, Experienţa carcerală în proza de expresie germană din România secolului XX. Cluj Napoca: Editura Risoprint, 2008.

Cristina Lungu Cărăbuş, Sensul propriu şi sensul figurat al unor zoonime biblice româneşti

Autor: Cristina LUNGU-CĂRĂBUȘ
Email: cristinacarabus14@gmail.com

The Literal and the Figurative Meanings of

the Romanian Biblical Zoonyms

This paper deals with some theoretical aspects of the meaning and tries to exemplify them with the names of animals in some religious texts of the Romanian Biblical tradition. The present research relates the literal and the figurative meanings of the 12 Biblical zoonyms (donkey, asp, horse, camel, deer, whale, lion, wholf, lamb, sheep, pigeon, snake, with its synonyms dragon and leviathan), using contexts from XVIth to XXth centuries.

Keywords: literal meaning, figurative meaning, Bible, zoonym, animal.

  • Aga, Victor, Simbolica biblică şi creştină. Dicţionar enciclopedic / Biblical and Christian symbol. Encyclopedic dictionary, Editura „Învierea”, Timişoara, 2005.
  • Cocagnac, Maurice, Simbolurile biblice. Lexic teologic / Biblical symbols. Theological vocabulary. Traducere din franceză de Michaela Slăvescu, Editura Humanitas, Bucureşti, 1997.
  • Coteanu, Ion, Stilistica fincţională a limbii române. Stil, stilistică, limbaj / Functional stylistics of the Romanian language. Style, stylistics, language, Editura Academiei R.S. România, Bucureşti, 1973.
  • Evseev, Ivan, Enciclopedia simbolurilor religioase şi arhetipurilor culturale / Encyclopedia of religious symbols and cultural archetypes, Editura „Învierea”, Timişoara, 2007.
  • Goga, Mircea, Limba română. Fonetică şi fonologie. Lexicologie. Stilistică / Romanian language. Phonetics and phonology. Lexicology. Stylistics, Ediţia a II-a revăzută şi adăugită, Editura Limes, Cluj-Napoca, 2000.

Lucia Nistor, -escu. Namenverbreitung in Deutschland

Autor: Adina-Lucia NISTOR
Email: lnistor@uaic.ro

-escu. The Diffusion of Surnames in Germany

The objective of the present paper is to reconstruct and analyze phenomena connected to the history of migration and mentalities, and also to the history of the Romanian language starting from the analysis of geographic diffusion of the Romanian family names having the suffix -escu in Germany, based on the telephone books from 2005 and on a special program on computer.

Keywords: geographic linguistics, digital onomastic geography, demographic migration, the history of mentalities and of the language, Romanian onomastics, surnames ending in -escu

  • Bălan Mihailovici Aurelia: Dicţionar onomastic creştin / Christian Onomastic Dictionary. Editura Minerva, Bucureşti 2003.
  • Constantinescu N. A.: Dicţionar onomastic românesc. / Romanian Onomastic Dictionary. Editura Academiei, Bucureşti 1963.
  • Dahmen Wolfgang: Das rumänische Personennamensystem. / Romanian Anthroponomastic System. In: Europäische Personennamensysteme. Ein Handbuch von Abasisch bis Zentralladinisch. / The European Anthroponomastic System. An Abstract starting with the Abasisch Language and going to Central Ladin. Hg. von Brendler Andrea, Brendler Silvio, baar Verlag, Hamburg 2007, S. 608-614.
  • Ghinea Eliza, Ghinea Dan: Localităţile din România. Dicţionar. / Places in Romania. Dictionary. Editura Enciclopedică, Bucureşti 2000.
  • Graur Alexandru: Nume de persoane. / Names of People. Editura Ştiinţifică, Bucureşti 1965.
  • Ionescu Christian: –escu în antroponimia românească. / The Suffix -escu in Romanian Anthroponimy. In: Studii şi cercetări lingvistice. / Studies and Linguistic Research. Bd. 4, Editura Academiei, Bucureşti 1980, S. 417- 421.
  • Iordan Iorgu: Dicţionar al numelor de familie româneşti. / Dictionary of Romanian Surnames. Editura Ştiinţifică şi Enciclopedică, Bucureşti 1983.
  • Kohlheim Rosa, Kohlheim Volker: Duden Familiennamen. Herkunft und Bedeutung. / Duden Surnames. Origins and Meaning. Dudenverlag, Mannheim, Leipzig, Wien, Zürich 2005.
  • Kunze Konrad, Nübling Damaris (Hg.): Deutscher Familiennamenatlas. Graphematik / Phonologie der Familiennamen I: Vokalismus / The German Atlas of Surnames. Graphematics / Phonology of Surnames I: Vocalisme. Bd. 1, Walter de Gruyter Verlag, Berlin, New York 2009.
  • Muşatescu Tudor: …Escu. / …Escu. In: Scrieri / Works., Bd. 1, Editura pentru Literatură, Bucureşti 1969.
  • Pascu G.: Sufixele româneşti / Romanian Suffixes. Editura Academiei, Bucureşti 1916.
  • Tomescu Domniţa: Gramatica numelor proprii în limba română. / The Grammar of Proper Names in the Romanian Language. Editura All Educational, Bucureşti 1998.
  • Tomescu Domniţa: Numele de persoană la români. Perspectivă istorică. / Proper Names at the Romanians. Historical perspective. Editura Univers Enciclopedic, Bucureşti 2001.

Simona Marin, Cultură şi educaţie în societatea cunoaşterii

Autor: Simona MARIN
Email: simonamarin.2011@yahoo.com

Culture and education in the knowledge-based society

The relationship between the concept of information society and the one of knowledge-based society, the reciprocal transfer of benefits from one to the other, are factors that generate optimism in relation to the evolution of humanity towards a global society that is thoroughly outlined around very seductive principles. At this stage, what actually the knowledge-based society provides is a collection of paradoxes recorded especially in the cultural and educational plan. In most definitions and explanations that regard formal outlines, the predictable contents and developments of “the knowledge-based society” are consistently operated by two vector categories: technological and functional vectors. If we can only succeed in detaching ourselves from the ideality of an image that is consistently promoted in studies devoted to “the information and knowledge society”, we will have to acknowledge the factual image of younger studious generations, the first potential beneficiaries of these technological facilities, who do not make the most of it in the cultural and educational plan.

Keywords: culture, education, knowledge-based society, technological and functional vectors

  • Drăgănescu, Mihai, “Societatea informaţională şi a cunoaşterii. Vectorii societăţii cunoaşterii”, în volumul Societatea – Societatea cunoaşterii. Concepte, soluţii şi strategii pentru România, coord. Florin Gh. Filip, Academia Română, Bucureşti, 2002.
  • Francis Fukuyama, „The end of history and the last man”, 1992.
  • Francis Fukuyama, „The end of history?”, The National Interest, august 1989.
  • Huntington, Samuel, “The Clash of Civilizations”, Foreign Affairs, Summer 1993.
  • Jacques Derrida , “Specters of Marx” 1996, Derrida, Jacques. Specters of Marx: The State of the Debt, the Work of Mourning, and the New International. NY: Routledge, 1994.
  • Meyer, John W. 2006. “World Models, National Curricula, and the Centrality of the Individual.”, pp. 259-71, in Aaron Benavot and Cecilia Braslavsky (eds.), School Knowledge in Comparative and Historical Perspective: Changing Curricula in Primary and Secondary Education, Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer, and Hong Kong: Comparative Education Research Centre, University of Hong Kong.

Studii literare

Şerban Axinte, Reconstrucţia ficţională a realităţii

Autor: Şerban AXINTE
Email: serbanaxinte2002@yahoo.com

The fictional reconstruction of reality

The present study starts from the idea that the theoretical discourse of the novel can be basicly defined as a series of critical revisions of one fundamental definition which is undoubtedly correct, yet uneffective, reductive, deprived of any inner contradiction because of its highest degree of generality: Novel is the mirror of life. This study focuses on the views of some critics and theoreticians such as Walter Benjamin, Albert Thibaudet, Ortega Y Gasset, Georg Lukács, M. Bahtin, Marthe Robert, Roland Barthes, Jean Ricardou, Umberto Eco, Alain Robbe-Grillet, Franco Moretti or Philippe Forest. Their conceptions are approached from the point of view of the various interrelations between novel and reality. We have come to the conclusion that the theoretical discourse of this literary genre makes full use of antinomies in the same way the novelistic fictional worlds reflect different, even conflicting realities altogether. Any critic must have in mind that each theory requires a certain architecture of ideas, whose configuration and dynamics depends on the variety of contexts as well as on certain levels of expectations. Moreover, he can not avoid contradiction because it makes possible conceptual productiveness. Contradiction emphasizes a certain instability of things, but also generates a dimension of possibilities. The theoretical discourse of the novel gains either coherence or dynamics from the key-concept of contradiction and develops quite under the illusion of its theoretical ultimacy.

Keywords: theoretical discourse of the novel, critical view, critical rewriting, contradiction, potentiality

 

  • Afloroaei, Ştefan, Experienţe alternative de adevăr, comunicare susţinută în cadrul Conferinţei Internaţionale „Cunoaştere şi acţiune”, organizată de Universitatea de Nord din Baia Mare, în cadrul proiectului POSDRU Societatea bazată pe cunoaştere, Baia Mare, 9-12 decembrie 2010.
  • Bahtin, M., Probleme de literatură şi estetică, traducere de Nicolae Iliescu, prefaţă de Marian Vasile, Bucureşti, Editura Univers, 1982.
  • Barthes, Roland Gradul zero al scriiturii. Noi eseuri critice, traducere din franceză de Alex Cistelecan, Chişinău, Editura Cartier, 2006.
  • Benjamin, Walter, Iluminări, traducere de Catrinel Pleşu, notă biografică de Friedrich Podszus, Cluj-Napoca, Editura Idea Design & Print, 2002.
  • Corniş-Pop, Marcel, Tentaţia hermeneutică şi rescrierea critică. Interpretarea narativă în zodia poststructuralismului, traducere de Corina Tiron, Bucureşti, Editura Fundaţiei culturale române, 2000.
  • Eco, Umberto, Lector in fabula. Cooperarea interpretative în textele narrative, în româneşte de Marina Spalas, prefaţă de Cornel Mihai Ionescu, Bucureşti, Editura Univers, 1991.
  • Forest, Philippe, Romanul, realul şi alte eseuri, traducere şi postfaţă de Ioan Pop-Curşeu, Cluj-Napoca, Editura Tact, 2008.
  • Foucault, Michel, Arheologia cunoaşterii, traducere, note şi postfaţă de Bogdan Ghiu, Bucureşti, Editura Rao, 2010.
  • Hutcheon, Linda, Poetica postmodernismului, traducere de Dan Popescu, Bucureşti, Editura Univers, 2002.
  • Kundera, Milan, O întâlnire, traducere din franceză de Vlad Russo, Bucureşti, Editura Humanitas, 2009.
  • Lukács, Georg Teoria romanului. O încercare istorico-filosofică privitoare la formele marii literaturi epice, în româneşte de Viorica Nişcov, prefaţă de N. Tertulian, Bucureşti, Editura Univers, 1977.
  • Lupasco, Stéphane, Logica dinamică a contradictoriului, selecţie, traducere din limba franceză şi postfaţă de Vasile Sporici, consultant ştiinţific şi note de Gheorghe Enescu, Bucureşti, Editura Politică, 1982.
  • Musil, Robert, Omul fără însuşiri I, traducere din limba germană de Mircea Ivănescu, ediţie revăzută şi îngrijită de Monica-Maria Aldea, Iaşi, Polirom, 2008.
  • Nemoianu, Virgil, O teorie a secundarului. Literatură, progres şi reacţiune, în româneşte de Livia Szász Câmpeanu, Bucureşti, Editura Univers, 1997.
  • Nemoianu, Virgil, Structuralismul. Cu o culegere de texte traduse de Gabriela Rădulescu şi Virgil Nemoianu, Bucureşti, Editura pentru Literatură Universală, 1967.
  • Ricardou, Jean, Noi probleme ale romanului, în româneşte de Liana şi Valentin Atanasiu, Bucureşti, Editura Univers, 1988.
  • Robbe-Grillet, Alain, Pentru un nou roman, traducere şi note Vasi Ciubotariu, prefaţă: Ioan Pop-Curşeu, Cluj-Napoca, Editura Tact, 2007.
  • Robert, Marthe, Romanul începuturilor şi începuturile romanului, traducere de Paula Voicu-Dohotaru, prefaţă de Angela Ion, Bucureşti, Editura Univers, 1983.
  • Sangari, Kumkum , The Politics of the Possible: Essays on Gender, History¸ Narrative, Colonial English, New Delhi: Tulika, 1999.
  • The Novel, volume I, History, geography, and culture (edited by Franco Moretti), Princeton University Press, 2006.
  • Thibaudet, Albert, Reflecţii. Despre literatură; Despre roman, traducere de Georgeta Pădureleanu, texte alese, prefaţă şi note de Mircea Pădureleanu, Bucureşti, Editura Minerva, 1973.
  • White, Hayden , The Value of Narrativity in the Representation of Reality, „Critical Inquiry”, 7, 1980, 15-27.

Ovidiu Moceanu, Ediţii eminesciene. Problema criteriilor (1)

Autor: Ovidiu Moceanu
Email: omoceanu@yahoo.com

Editions of Eminescu. The issue of the criteria (I)

The study on the editions of Eminescu’s poems aims at the issue of the criteria underlying the drawing up of certain editions, starting with those from 1883, published by Titu Maiorescu. In the first part, Ovidiu Moceanu looks at a series of problems which occurred as regards this particular edition. A first problem is related to the year, given that the front page specifies the year 1884, wheras the volume was issued in December 1883. „Now you must know – Maiorescu wrote in February 1884 to the poet then hospitalised in a sanatorium in Vienna – that your volume of poems which Socec published considering my advice in last year’s December (s. n. – O.M.), has had the uttermost success, so that Socec is still dazzled. In these seven weeks since its publication, 700 copies have been sold; the whole edition numbers one thousand copies and you should already consider a second edition, which will be reclaimed in autumn and in which you can make all the necessary adjustments. Your poems are now read by all the ladies, from the Palace to the slums of Tirchileşti, and when you are back, you will find yourself the most famous writer in Romania”.

Keywords: editions of Eminescu, T. Maiorescu, Perpessicius, novel, posthumous works, criteria, ordering, aesthetic criterion, re-editing, the true Eminescu.

  • Academia Română. Institutul de Istorie şi Teorie Literară „G. Călinescu”, Corpusul receptării critice a operei lui M. Eminescu. Secolul XIX, vol. I-II, ediţie critică de I. Oprişan şi Teodor Vârgolici, Ed. Saeculum I. O., Buc., 2002.
  • Biblioteca Judeţeană „Mihai Eminescu” Botoşani, Catalogul Fondului Documentar „Mihai Eminescu”. Donaţia Ion Rogojanu. f. a.
  • Eliade, Pompiliu, Filosofia lui La Fontaine, Ed. „Socec”, Buc., 1901, pp. 11-12.
  • Eminescu, M., Opere, vol. I. Ediţie critică îngrijită de Perpessicius, Ed. pentru Literatură şi Artă „Regele Carol II”, Buc., 1939.
  • Georgescu, Nicolae, Eminescu şi editorii săi, Ed. Floare albastră, Buc., 2000.
  • Georgescu, Nicolae, Moartea antumă a lui Eminescu (1883-1889), ed. a II-a, revizuită, Ed. Cartier, Chişinău, 2002.
  • Georgescu, Nicolae, Scenarii de istorie literară (Ediţia princeps Eminescu), Ed. Floare albastră, Buc., 2004.
  • Ibrăileanu, G., Ediţiile poeziilor lui Eminescu, în „Viaţa Românească”, XIX, I, 1927, p. 92 şi urm.
  • Martintescu, Pericle, Odiseea editării „Poeziilor” lui Eminescu în prima sută de ani (1884-1984), Ed. Ex Ponto, Constanţa, 2000.
  • Rachieru, Adrian Dinu, Eminescianism şi eminescologie, în „Bucovina literară”, 7.03.2011.
  • Torouţiu, I. E., Studii şi documente literare, vol. IV, Buc., Institutul de Arte Grafice „Bucovina”, 1933.

Lucian-Vasile Szabo, Jurnalism din spatele gratiilor

Autor: Lucian-Vasile SZABO
Email: lvszabo@yahoo.com

Journalism from Behind Bars

Many of the world’s writers were also journalists. They often worked in the editorial board of significant newspapers and magazines and wrote polemical commentaries, on issues that went beyond the literary world. Political journalism was frequently practiced fiercely, even if it brought reprisals from the part of the state. Mihai Eminescu was under investigation by attorneys from Budapest while he was studying in Vienna, Octavian Goga was sentenced to prison in Hungary, Ioan Slavici was also jailed, first by the Hungarian authorities, and then by the Romanian ones, and Tudor Arghezi was put behind bars twice in Romania. All these sentences were applied to writers because of their work as journalists.

Keywords: Writer, journalists, Eminescu, Slavici, Goga, Arghezi, reprisal, prison, authority

  • Anghelescu, Mircea, Literatura autobiografică. Puşcăria la români (Note de curs şi antologie), Editura Universităţii din Bucureşti, 2008.
  • Avramescu, Aristiţa şi Tiberiu , Amintiri despre vechea mişcare socialistă, Editura Minerva, Bucureşti, 1975.
  • Bacalbaşa, Conatantin, Bucureştii de altădată (1878-1884), Editura Eminescu, Bucureşti, 1993.
  • Bocu, Sever, Drumuri şi răscruci, Editura Marineasa, Timişoara, 2005.
  • Boia, Lucian, „Germanofilii”, Editura Humanitas, Bucureşti, 2009.
  • Caragiale, I. L., Publicistică şi corespondenţă, Ed. Grai şi suflet, Cultura naţională, Bucureşti, 1999.
  • Eliade, Mircea, Jurnal, II, Editura Humanitas, Bucureşti, 1993.
  • Goga, Octavian, Ce e „Tribuna” zilelor noastre. Răspuns la broşura Mangra, Tisza şi „Tribuna”, Tribuna, Institut tipografic, Nichin şi cons., Arad, 1911.
  • Petcu, Marian, Puterea şi cultura. O istorie a cenzurii, Editura Polirom, Iaşi, 1999
  • Rad, Ilie, Memorialistica de război în literatura română, Editura Augusta, Timişoara, 1999.
  • Ruja, Alexandru, Ipostaze critice, Ed. Excelsior, Timişoara, 2001.
  • Spiridon, Monica, în Eminescu. Proza jurnalistică, Editura Curtea veche, Bucureşti, 2003
  • Szabo , Lucian-Vasile, Capcane ale comunicării, Editura Universităţii de Vest, Timişoara, 2011.
  • Szabo , Lucian-Vasile, Un alt Slavici, Editura Universităţii de Vest, Timişoara, 2012.

Andrei Bodiu, Eşecul (temporar) al unui proiect iluminist

Autor: Andrei BODIU
Email: andrei_bodiu@yahoo.com

The (temporary) failure of an Illuminist project

Andrei Bodiu’s study deals with the recent Romanian novel, continuing author’s latest interest in the Romanian cotemporary prose. The present study debates a novel by Radu Mareş, When We Return, pointing out the main themes of the work and integrating it in the context of the recent Romanian history of novel .The study tries to debate different points of view regarding Mareş’s work, underlining its qualities. At the same time the study shows how the extreme-right Romanian movement “Mişcarea legionară” is depicted in the novel.

Keywords: Radu Mareş, When We Return, Romanian contemporany prose, the extreme-right Romanian movement „mişcarea legionară“

  • Mareş, Radu, Când ne vom întoarce/ When We Return, Cluj, Limes, 2010
  • Lintvelt, Jaap, Punctul de vedere/ The Point of View, Univers,1994
  • Dumitru, Teodora,Când ne vom întoarce/ When We Return, blog.revistacultura.ro, 21 11 2011
  • Pillat, Dinu, Aşteptând ceasul de apoi/ Waiting fot the Aftertime, Bucureşti, ed. Humanitas, 2010
  • Teodorescu, Cristian, Medgidia, oraşul de apoi/ Medgidia, the Afterlife Town, Iaşi, ed. Polirom, 2009
  • Adameşteanu, Gabriela , Provizorat/ Provisionality, Iaşi, ed. Polirom, 2010.

Cristina Sava, Traditionalism vs. modernity in poetry

Autor: Cristina SAVA
Email: cristinasava61@yahoo.com

Traditionalism vs. modernity in poetry

The „Traditionalism vs. modernity in poetry” study suggests the approach of the sacred from the point of view of the connection between traditionalism and modernity in a certain period, the inter-war period, more precisely. The research is focused not only on the word’s etymology, but on the interdependence between sacred and profane, reflected in religious poetry. Thus, for example, the idea that we plead is that symbolistic of the sacred reveals the soul’s inclination towards the absolute’s acknowledgment, through the hierophany of the symbol, subdued to the level of knowledge and will. Traditionalism in poetry, in its exceptional values, seems to carry the stamp of the expressive modernity, that modernity which does not cancel the traditional substance, but, through an emotional revaluation, means a decisive step in the sacred identification.

Keywords or sintagms: nationality specific, biblical propensity, poetic metaphysical.

  • Boldea, Iulian, Teaching History of Romanian poetry, Braşov, Aula Publishing House, 2005, p. 32.
  • Boldea, Iulian, Simbolism Modernism Traditionalism Avangarde, Braşov, Aula Publishing House, 2002, p. 161.
  • Blaga, Lucian, Works 10, Trilogy of values, Bucharest, edition edited by Dorli Blaga, introductory study by Alexandru Tănase, Minerva Publishing House, 1987.
  • Braga, Mircea, The appeal to tradition, Cluj-Napoca, Dacia Publishing House, 1987.
  • Cazacu, Mihai, Divine and human in Romanian spirituality, Timişoara, Western Publishing House, 1994.
  • Călinescu, George, History of Romanian Literature from origins to the present, Bucharest, Minerva Publishing House, 1982, p. 780.
  • Cistelecan, Alexandru, Poetry and bookish, Bucharest, Romanian Book Publishing, 1987, p. 19.
  • Chimet, Iordan, Right memory, Cluj-Napoca, Dacia Publishing House, 1993, p. 380.
  • Constantinescu, Pompiliu, Writings, Bucharest, For Literature Publishing House, 1997, p. 288.
  • Crainic, Nichifor, Holiness, the human fulfilment, Iaşi, Trinitas Publishing House, 1995.
  • Crohmălniceanu, Ovid S., Romanian literature between the two World Wars, Volume II, Poetry, Bucharest, Minerva Publishing House, 1974.
  • Deaconu, Mircea, Poetry of thought, Bucharest, Didactic and Pedagogic Publishing House, 1997.
  • Iorga, Nicolae, History of Contemporary Romanian literature, Volume II, Bucharest, Minerva Publishing House, 1986, p. 316.
  • Lovinescu, Eugen, History of Romanian contemporary literature, Bucharest, Minerva Publishing House, 1989.
  • Manolescu, Nicolae, Poetry Metamorphoses, Bucharest, Polirom Publishing House, 1999, pp. 25-26.
  • Manolescu, Nicolae, Critical History of Romanian Literature, Piteşti, Parallel 45 Publishing House, 2008, p 553.
  • Micu, Dumitru, Readings and opinions, Cluj-Napoca, Dacia Publishing House, 1978, p. 296.
  • Micu, Dumitru, Thinking and gândirism, Bucharest, Minerva Publishing House, 1975.
  • Moraru, Cornel, Lucian Blaga Convergences between the poet and philosopher, Târgu-Mureş, Transylvania Publishing House, Library Universitas, 2005, p 147.
  • Moraru, Cornel, Real signs, Bucharest, Eminescu Publishing House, 1981, p. 29.
  • Ornea Zigu, Traditionalism and Modernity in the third decade, Bucharest, Eminescu Publishing House, 1980, p. 552.

Dumitru Tucan, Milan Kundera. O „mitologie“ personală a romanului

Autor: Dumitru TUCAN
Email: dtucan@litere.uvt.ro

Milan Kundera: A Personal Mythology of the Novel

Milan Kundera is not only one of the most celebrated European novelists of the 20th century, but also one of the most insightful theorists of the novel as a polymorphous cultural phenomenon. This essay analyses Kundera’s theoretical writings (The Art of the Novel, Testaments Betrayed, The Curtain) as a “personal mythology” of the European novel. The founding hero of this “mythology” is Miguel de Cervantes who shaped the novel as an exploratory instrument of human contradictions and the world’s ambiguities. Kundera’s narrative rewriting of the history of the novel is in fact a history of the successive crises of the European culture throughout its modern history and, from this perspective, the novel is seen as a powerful critical instrument.

Keywords: Milan Kundera, theory of the novel, history of the novel, Cervantes, Don Quijote

 

  • Bahtin, Mihail, François Rabelais şi cultura populară în Evul Mediu şi în Renaştere / Rabelais and His World, în româneşte de S. Recevschi, Bucureşti: Univers, 1974, 542 p.
  • Kundera, Milan, Arta romanului / The Art of the Novel, traducere de Simona Cioculescu, Bucureşti: Humanitas, 2008, 204 p.
  • Kundera, Milan, Cortina. Eseu în şapte părţi / The Curtain, traducere de Vlad Russo, Bucureşti: Humanitas, 2008, 176 p.
  • Kundera, Milan, Testamentele trădate / Testaments Betrayed, traducere de Vlad Russo, Bucureşti: Humanitas, 2008, 280 p.
  • Kundera, Milan, Une rencontre / The Encounter, Paris: Gallimard, 2009, 204 p.
  • Lukács, György, Teoria romanului / Theory of the Novel, în româneşte de Viorica Nişcov, Bucureşti: Univers, 1977, 160 p.
  • Maingueneau, Dominique, Discursul literar. Paratopie şi scenă de enunţare / The Literary Discourse, Iaşi: Institutul European, 2007, 305 p.
  • Pavel, Toma, Gândirea romanului / The Thinking Novel, traducere de Mihaela Mancaş, Bucureşti: Humanitas, 2008, 462 p.
  • Resina, Joan Ramon, The Short, Happy Life of the Novel in Spain, în Franco Moretti (ed.), The Novel. Volume 1: History Geography and Culture, Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2006, 916 p. (p. 291 – 312).
  • Rorty, Richard, Heidegger, Kundera şi Dickens / Heidegger, Kundera and Dickens, în R. Rorty, Pragmatism şi filosofie post-nietzscheană. Eseuri filosofice II / Pragmatism and Post-Nietzschean Philosophy. Philosophical Essays II, traducere de Mihaela Căbulea, Bucureşti: Univers, 2000, 320 p.
  • Varvaro, Alberto, Medieval French Romance. From Storytelling as Social Practice to the Literary Novel, în Franco Moretti (ed.), The Novel. Volume 1: History Geography and Culture, Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2006, 916 p. (p. 156 – 180).
  • Vattimo, Gianni, Sfârşitul modernităţii. Nihilism şi hermeneutică în cultura postmodernă / The End of Modernity: Nihilism and Hermeneutics in Post-modern Culture, traducere de Ştefania Mincu, Constanţa: Pontica, 1993, 190 p.
  • Zumthor, Paul, Încercare de poetică medievală / Essay in Medieval Poetics, traducere de Maria Carpov, Bucureşti: Univers, 1983, 638 p.

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Istorie si studii culturale

Vasile Mărculeţ, Revenirea bizantină la Dunărea de Jos (971). Partea a II-a

Autor: Vasile MĂRCULEŢ
Email: vasmarculet@yahoo.com

The Byzantine Return to the Lower Danube (971)

At the end of the 7th decade of the 10th century, the Byzantine-Bulgarian dispute for supremacy in the Balkan Peninsula entered in its final phase. The political-territorial objectives pursued by the Byzantine Empire in the Balkan Peninsula, aimed at destroying the Bulgarian Czardom whose territories were claimed by Constantinople based on its former dominance. In order to achieve its goal, the Byzantine court appealed to the military skill of the great Kiev prince, Sveatoslav I. In 968, he crossed in southern Danube and occupied eastern Bulgaria. His intention to restore his own rule on the Bosphorus led him into a conflict with the Byzantine Empire. The victory obtained by emperor Joannes I Tzimiskes against Sveatoslav in the summer of 971 allowed the basileus to occupy eastern Bulgaria and to restore the Empire’s border on the Lower Danube. The bulgarian offensive against the Byzantine rule, launched after 976, would lead, towards the year 1000, to the reconquest of most part of the eastern Bulgaria territories. The Byzantine Empire would keep its rule only in the northern half of the Danubian-Pontic space (translation by Maria-Alina Streza).

Keywords: The Byzantine Return, the Lower Danube, the Byzantine-Bulgarian dispute, Joannes I Tzimiskes, Sveatoslav I, Preslav, Dristra.

  • Barnea, Ion, „Stăpânirea bizantină asupra Dobrogei între anii 971-1185: Thema Paristrion (Paradunavon).” În Ion Barnea şi Ştefan Ştefănescu, Din istoria Dobrogei, vol. III. Bizantini, români şi bulgari la Dunărea de Jos. Bucureşti: Editura Academiei RSR, 1971: 71-167
  • Bănescu, Nicolae Les duchés byzantins de Paristrion (Paradunavon) et de Bulgarie. Bucarest: MCMXLVI.
  • Bolşacov-Ghimpu, Alexandru A., „Localisation de sites d’époque romaine et byzantine dans la zone du Bas-Danube.” Revue des Études Sud-Est Européennes, IX, 3 (1973), p. 553-561.
  • Cedreni, Georgii. Historiarum compendium. În Georgius Cedrenus, Ioannis Scylitzae ope ab Immanuele Bekkero, suppletus et emendatus, tomus I-II. Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae. Bonnae: Impensis Ed. Weberi, MDCCCXXXVIII- MDCCCXXXIX.
  • Chronica Nestoris, edidit G. Popa-Lisseanu. În Fontes Historiae Daco-Romanorum, vol. VII. Bucureşti: Tipografia «Bucovina», I.E. Torouţiu, 1935.
  • Diaconi, Leoni, Caloënsis. Historiae libri decem et liber de velitatione bellica Nicephori Augusti, e recensione Caroli Benedicti Hasii, audita eiusdem versione atque annotationibus ab ipso recognitis, accedunt Theodosii Acroases de Creta Capta e recensione Fr. Iacobsii et Luitprandi legatio cum aliis libellis qui Nicephori Phocae et Ioannis Tzimisci historiam illustrant. Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae. Bonnae: Impensis Ed. Weberi, MDCCCXXVIII.
  • Diaconu, Petre, „Les rives du Danube à la lumière de quelques passages de la chronique de Skylitzès.” Revue des Études Sud-Est Européennes, XIV, 2 (1976), p. 311-322.
  • Diaconu, Petre, „Despre organizarea administrativ-militară a Dunării de Jos în vremea lui Ioan Tzimiskes (Contribuţii pe marginea articolului: Sigiliile lui Leon Sarakinopulos de la Preslavul Mare).” Studii şi Cercetări de Istorie Veche şi Arheologie, 27, 2 (1986), p. 167-178.
  • Histoire de Yahya-ibn-Sa‛ïd d’Antioche continuateur de Sa‛ïd-ibn-Bitriq, éditée et traduite en français par I. Kratchkovsky et A. Vasiliev. În Patrologia Orientalis, tomus XVIII. Paris: Firmin-Didot et Cie, Imprimeurs Editurs, 1924.
  • Jordanov, Ivan, Corpus of Byzantine Seals from Bulgaria, vol. 1. Byzantine Seals with Geographical Names. Sofia: Agato, 2003.
  • Jordanov, Ivan, Corpus of Byzantine Seals from Bulgaria, vol. 2. Byzantine Seals with Family Names. Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Archaeological Institute with Museum, 2006.
  • Madgearu, Alexandru, Organizarea militară bizantină la Dunăre în secolele X-XII. Târgovişte: Editura Cetatea de Scaun, 2007.
  • Mărculeţ, Vasile, „Noi consideraţii asupra organizării, funcţionării şi rolului themei Mesopotamia Apusului. 971-c.1000.” Pontica, XXXIX (2006), p. 302-304.
  • Mărculeţ, Vasile, „Nouvelles considérations sur le fonctionnement du Stratégat de Dristra (env. 971-env. 1018/1020).” Suceava. Anuarul Muzeului Bucovinei, XXXVIII (2011), p. 55-66.
  • Oikonomidès, Nicolas, „Recherches sur l’histoire du Bas-Danube aux Xe-XIe siècles: la Mésopotamie de l’Occident.” Revue des Études Sud-Est Européennes, III, 1-2 (1965), p. 57-79.
  • Pavlov, Plamen. „Antichitate şi Evul Mediu”. În Plamen Pavlov, Iordan Ianev, Daniel Cain, Istoria Bulgariei. Bucureşti: Editura Corint, 2002.
  • Skylitzes, John. A Synopsis of Byzantine History, 811-1057, introduction, text and notes translated by John Wortley. Cambridge: University Press, 2010.
  • Stănescu, Eugen, „Byzance et les Pays Roumains aux IXe-XVe siècles.” Actes du XIVe Congrès International des Études Byzantines. Bucarest, 6-12 septembre 1974, publiés par les soins de M. Berza et E. Stănescu, vol. I (Bucureşti: Editura Academiei RSR, 1974), p. 393-431.
  • Tăpkova-Zaimova, Vassilka, „Les frontières occidentales des territoires conquis par Tzimiscès.” Studia Balcanica, 10 (1975), p. 113-116.
  • Treadgold, Warren, Byzantium and Its Army. 284-1081. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1995.
  • Wasilewski, Tadeusz, „L’administration byzantine dans la vallée du Bas-Danube au Xe et XIe siècles selon la sigillographie.” Dobroudža, 12 (1995), p. 190-203.
  • Zonarae, Ioannis. Epitome historiarum, cum Caroli Ducangii suisque annotationibus, edidit Ludovicus Dindorfius, vol. III-IV. Lipsiae: In Aedibus B.G. Teubneri, MDCCCLXX- MDCCCLXXI.

Cristina Creţu, Un mitropolit cu iniţiativă: Neofit de la Crit

Autor: Cristina CREŢU
Email: cristinna_cretu@yahoo.com

Neofit the Cretan, a Metropolitan taking the initiative

Neofit the Cretan spent most of his life in Valachia, where he came as a teacher to Constantin Mavrocordat’s children. His ascent is very rapid as he benefits from the lord’s total support, who deeply appreciates his high culture and interferes to promote him Metropolitan of Mirele Lichiei, and then Metropolitan of Valachia, from 1738 until 1753. He has an essential role in the process of introducing Romanian language into church, as many books are printed into Romanian during his time. Cultivated, practical and very active, he is no less a stimulating voice to his parishioners, his actions taking sometimes the form of social reforms.

Keywords: church, culture, process of printing, book, reform.

  • BRV: I. Bianu, N. Hodoş şi D. Simonescu, Bibliografia românească veche 1508-1830, tom I-IV, Bucureşti, 1903-1944.
  • Carataşu, Mihai, Cernovodeanu, Paul, Stoicescu, Nicolae, Jurnalul călătoriilor canonice ale mitropolitului Ungrovlahiei, Neofit I Cretanul, în „Biserica Ortodoxă Română”, an XCVIII, nr. 1-2, 1980.
  • Elian, Alexandru, Bizanţul, biserica si cultura romanească, Editura Trinitas, Iasi, 2003.
  • Erbiceanu, Constantin, Cronicari greci care au scris despre români în epoca fanariotă, Editura Cronicar, Bucureşti, 2003.
  • Ionescu, G. M., Istoria Mitropoliei Ungrovlahiei, vol. II, 1708-1787, Stabilimentul Grafic Albert Baer, Bucureşti, 1914.
  • Iorga, N., Istoria literaturii române în secolul al XVIII-lea (1688-1821), Vol. I, Editura Didactică şi Pedagogică, Bucureşti, 1969.
  • Iorga, N., Istoria Bisericii româneşti şi a vieţii religioase a românilor, Ediţia a II-a, Vol. II, Editura Ministeriului de Culte, Bucureşti, 1930.
  • Pseudo-Enache Kogălniceanu, Canta, Ioan, Letopiseţul Ţării Moldovei de la domnia întâi şi până la a patra domnie a lui Constantin Mavrocordat voievod (1733-1774), ediţie critică de Aurora Ilieş şi Ioana Smeu, studiu introductiv de Aurora Ilieş, Bucureşti, 1987.
  • Minea, I., Reforma lui Constantin Mavrocordat. Generalităţi şi păreri vechi, în „Cercetări Istorice”, II-III, 1926-1927.
  • Papacostea-Danielopolu, Cornelia, Demény, Lidia, Carte şi tipar în societatea românească şi sud-est europeană (Secolele XVII-XIX), Editura Eminescu, Bucureşti, 1985.
  • Păcurariu, Mircea, Istoria Bisericii Ortodoxe Române, vol. 2 (secolele XVII şi XVIII), Ediţia a II-a, Editura Institutului Biblic şi de Misiune al Bisericii Ortodoxe Române, Bucureşti, 1994.
  • Tomescu, Mircea, Istoria cărţii româneşti de la începuturi până la 1918, Editura Ştiinţifică, Bucureşti, 1968.
  • Şchiau, Octavian, Cărturari şi cărţi în spaţiul românesc medieval, Editura Dacia, Cluj-Napoca, 1978.
  • Simedrea, Tit, Tiparul bucureştean de carte bisericească în anii 1740-1750, în „Biserica Ortodoxă Română”, an LXXXIII (1965), nr. 9-10.

Otilia Urs, Istoriografia coresiană (III). Bibliografia aspectelor lingvistice ale tipăriturilor coresiene

Autor: Otilia Urs
Email: adelaelai@yahoo.com

Coresi Historiography. Part Three.

A Bibliography of Linguistic Aspects in Coresi Printings

The three parts of the study present an analytical bibliography dedicated to the life and work of printer Coresi who worked in Târgovişte and Braşov during the sixteenth century.

In order to achieve an account of the bibliography as objectively as possible one has used the thematic-chronological criterion. Meanwhile the value criterion has been used for a selection of the studies according to contributions done within the specialized literature.

Keywords: Deacon Coresi, the analytical and thematic bibliography, printings belonging to the sisteenth century.

  • Rosetti Alexandru, Cazacu Boris, Onu Liviu, Istoria limbii române literare [The History of Literary Romanian Language], vol. I, ed. a II-a, Bucureşti, 1971.
  • Cele mai vechi texte româneşti. Contribuţii filologice şi lingvistice [The Oldest Romanian Texts. Philological and Linguistic Contributions] de Emanuela Buză, Gheorghe Chivu, Mariana Costinescu, Ion Gheţie, Alexandru Mareş, Alexandra Roman Moraru, Florentina Zgraon. Coordonator Ion Gheţie, Bucureşti, 1982.
  • Gheorghe Chivu, Mariana Costinescu, C. Frâncu, Ion Gheţie, Alexandra Roman Moraru, Mirela Teodorescu, Istoria limbii române literare. Epoca Veche (1532-1780) [The History of Literary Romanian Language. The Old Epoch (1532-1780)]. Coordonator Ion Gheţie, Bucureşti, 1997.
  • Gheorghe Chivu, Limba română. De la primele texte până la sfârşitul secolului al XVIII-lea. Variante stilistice [Romanian Language. From the First Texts until the End of the Eighteenth Century. Stylistic Versions], Bucureşti, 2000.

Niculina Iacob, Ioan Chindriş, Cinci versiuni româneşti ale Sfintei Scripturi în Blajul greco-catolic. Filiaţie şi originalitate (II)

Autor: Niculina IACOB, Ioan CHINDRIŞ
Email: niculinai@yahoo.fr, history_chindris@yahoo.com

Five Romanian Versions for the Holy Scripture in Greek-Catholic Blaj.

Filiation and Originality

A unique phenomenon within the history of Romanian culture arose at Blaj, a supporting centre of the enlightenment during the second half of the 18th century. It was a matter of five Romanian versions of The Bible carried out between 1760 and 1914. They were different from each another and four of them have lasted until nowadays in manuscripts. So far, the biblical text which marked the beginning of the already-mentioned cultural phenomenon remained the only translation of The Bible (according to The Vulgate) in the Romanian culture. It was a translation irrespective of the old biblical text printed at Bucharest in 1688. Chronologically, the second one was represented by a new translation of The Septuagint which explicitly revaluated the forerunners’ experience, one established by The Bible from 1688. Afterwards, a new translation followed, one whose author drew his inspiration from a Hebrew original. That time, it was a selective writing. The fourth Bible composed in Blaj was original, but from a different point of view. Its author’s wish was that of reconsidering The Bible from Bucharest (1688) in a new direction, that of re-Latinizing the language through the recovery of old Latin words from Romanian language. Those words had somehow been forgotten on account of certain reasons. At last, a new element of originality appears in the fifth Bible from Blaj. As far as this Bible is concerned, its author composed a true hermeneutical version, owing to the notes and commentaries he had annexed to the old biblical text which was translated after The Septuagint, at Blaj, in 1795.

Keywords: The Bible, Petru Pavel Aron, Samuil Micu, Teodor Pop, Timotei Cipariu, Victor Smigelschi.

  • Biblia, adecă Dumnezeiasca Scriptură a Vechiului şi Noului Testament / The Biblie, Videlicet the Divine Scripture of the Old and New Testament (Tipărită întâia oară la 1688 în timpul lui Şerban Vodă Cantacuzino, domnul Ţării Româneşti, retipărită după 300 de ani în facsimil şi transcriere cu aprobarea Sfântului Sinod şi binecuvântarea Prea Fericitului Părinte Teoctist, patriarhul Bisericii Ortodoxe Române), Editura Institutului Biblic şi de Misiune al Bisericii Ortodoxe Române.
  • Biblia de la Blaj (1795) / The Bible from Blaj (1795), ediţie jubiliară, Roma, 2000.
  • Biblia lui Timotei Cipariu / Timotei Cipariu’s Bible, manuscris în 3 tomuri la Biblioteca Academiei Române din Cluj-Napoca, Fondul Blaj, cota: ms. rom. 209.
  • Biblia lui Victor Smigelschi / Victor Smigelschi’s Bible, manuscris în 6 tomuri la Biblioteca Academiei Române din Cluj-Napoca, Fondul Blaj, cota: ms. rom. 284.
  • Biblia sau Sfânta Scriptură / The Bible or the Holy Scripture, Ediţie jubiliară a Sfântului Sinod. Tipărită cu binecuvântarea şi prefaţa Prea Fericitului Părinte Teoctist, Patriarhul Bisericii Ortodoxe Române, Editura Institutului Biblic şi de Misiune al Bisericii Ortodoxe Române, Bucureşti, 2001 (versiune diortosită după Septuaginta, redactată şi adnotată de Bartolomeu Valeriu Anania, arhiepiscopul Clujului, sprijinit pe numeroase alte osteneli).
  • Blaga, Lucian, Gândirea românească în Transilvania în secolul al XVIII-lea / The Romanian Thinking in Transylvania within the 18th Century, Editura Ştiinţifică, Bucureşti, 1966.
  • Chindriş, Ioan, Cultură şi societate în contextul Şcolii Ardelene / Culture and Society within the Context of Transylvanian School, Editura Cartimpex, Cluj-Napoca, 2001.
  • Chindriş, Ioan; Iacob, Niculina, Petru Pavel Aron / Petru Pavel Aron, Editura Astra, Blaj, 2007.
  • Densusianu, Ovid, Opere I / Works I, ediţie îngrijită de B. Cazacu, V. Rusu şi I. Şerb, cu o prefaţă de B. Cazacu, Editura pentru Literatură, Bucureşti, 1968.
  • Iacob, Niculina, Biblia de la Blaj (1795) – moment de referinţă în cultura românească / The Bible from Blaj (1795) – A Reference Book for the Romanian Culture, Editura Academiei Române, Bucureşti, 2004.
  • Iacob, Niculina; Chindriş, Ioan, Tradiţie şi inovaţie latinistă în Biblia lui Timotei Cipariu / Tradition and Latinizing Innovation in Timotei Cipariu’s Bible, Editura Galaxia Gutenberg, 2010.
  • Iacob, Niculina; Limbajul biblic românesc (1640–1800) / Romanian Biblical Language (1640-1800), vol. I-II, Editura Universităţii Suceava, 2001.
  • Timotei Cipariu, Opere I / Works I, ediţie îngrijtă de Carmen-Gabriela Pamfil, introducere de Gavril Istrate, Editura Academiei Române, Bucureşti, 1987.

Gheorghe Bichicean, Approche critique d’histoire Roumaine: le cas de Horea

Autor: Gheorghe BICHICEAN

Critical approach on Romanian history: the case of Horea

Historians have written insistently about Horea and about his affiliation to secret societies, whether not masonic, then at least of masonic extraction. Referring only to documents known so far, the present study aims at bringing a few new considerations regarding Horea’s position and attitude towards freemasonry. Even though Horea’s affiliation to freemasonry is not certain, there still is one certain fact: during the historical period of the movement he led, Horea acted within a frame drawn by persons affiliated to freemasonry – hence the inevitable influence upon him and upon other personalities who will eventually adhere (or not) to freemasonry
Keywords: Horea, Freemasonry, Romanian history, conspiracy theory, Samuel von Brukenthal, Ioan Piuariu Molnar, Ignaz von Born, revolt, Josef II, Marie Terese

  • Dan Berindei, Românii şi francmasoneria (Les Roumains et la Franc-maçonnerie), Editura Teşu, 2009.
  • Cornelia Bodea, Faţa secretă a mişcării prepaşoptiste române. Unitatea naţională (La parte secrète du soulevement de ’48. L’Unité nationale), Editura Academiei et Editura Nestor, Bucureşti, 2009.
  • Radu Comănescu, Emilian M. Dobrescu, Franc-Masoneria, o nouă viziune asupra istoriei lumii civilizate, vol. I., 2001.
  • Emilian M. Dobrescu, Mapamond francmasonic (Mappemonde Franc-maçonnique), Editura Nemira, 1997.
  • Lisa Fischer, Edenul de dincolo de codrii. Samuel von Brukenthal: Politician, colecţionar, francmason la Sibiu/Hermannstadt (Eden d’au delà des forets. Samuel von Brukenthal: politicien, colectioner, Franc-maçonne à Sibiu/Hermannstadt), Editura Schiller, Sibiu, 2007.
  • Ieronim Hristea, De la steaua lui David la Steaua lui Rotshschild – profeţia stăpânirii universale, Editura Ţara Noastră, Bucureşti.
  • Lupaş, Răscoala ţăranilor din Transilvania la 1784 (Le soulevement des paysans de Transylvanie en 1784), Cluj, Tipografia ASTRA S.A., 1934.
  • Gian Pio Mattogno, La franc-maçonnerie et la Révolution française, Editura Anastasia, 1998.
  • Kirk MacNulty, Francmasoneria. Simboluri, secrete, semnificaţii (La Franc-maçonnerie. Symboles, secrètes, significations), Editura Enciclopedia RAO, Bucureşti, 2006.
  • Luc Nefontaine, Francmasoneria. Secretele frăţiei (La Franc-maçonnerie. Le secrètes de la fraternité), Editura Univers, 2003.
  • Ştefan Pascu, Revoluţia populară sub conducerea lui Horea (La Revolution populaire dirigee par Horea), Bucureşti, 1984.

Bogdan Boşoteanu, Critica de artă în revista „Furnica“ în prima decadă de apariţie a revistei (1904-1914)

Autor: Bogdan Ioaniţiu BOŞOTEANU
Email: bogdan.bosoteanu@yahoo.com

Art reviews in Furnica magazine in its first decade (1904-1914)

The founding of Furnica magazine in the early 20th century was a “breath of air” to the Romanian press, suffocated by theoretical and political disputes. Art reviews published in this humour journal, made in a specific, satirical and pamphleteering style, were less studied. It was under these labels attached to the magazine that the two editors, G. Ranetti and N. D. Ţăranu, who wrote under many pseudonyms, attempted an original and straightforward approach to art events in the capital of Romania, as they perceived it from a new point of view, that of the uninformed, but true, art lover.

Keywords: humour magazines; satire; art reviews; pamphlet; caricature.

Istorie

Științele educației

Filozofie și studii politice

Stiintele comunicarii

Etnografie si folclor

Fizica speculativa

Recenzii

Economie

Mara Magda Maftei, La France entre la gauche le capitalisme

Autor: Mara Magda MAFTEI
Email: mmmaftei@yahoo.com

France, between Left – Wing Politics and Capitalism

The article is based primarily on the failure of neo-liberalism, after the crisis triggered in 2008 by the United States. The form of liberalism to be adopted after the global crisis of 2008 remains to be decided by each country, according to its past, more or less democratic. France represents a special case in Europe due to the important role allocated to leftist intellectuals, who deploy their energies in building a social liberalism, with a doctrinal content that remains to be defined, in order to be imposed as a model.

France practices one of the most social politics in all Europe, because the French people has a tradition, induced in time, therefore relevant enough, of social reforms.

Keywords: France, capitalism, neo-liberalism, left-wing politics, 2008 economic crisis

Livres:

  • Audier, S., Le Colloque Lippmann. Aux origines du néo-libéralisme, Latresne, Éditions Le Bord de l’Eau, 2008.
  • Bockel, J-M., La troisième gauche. Petit manifeste social-libéral, Paris, Editions Val de France, 1999.
  • Chesnais, F., La finance mondialisée : racines sociales et politiques, configuration et conséquences, Paris, La Découverte, 2004 .
  • Denord, Fr., Néolibéralisme version française. Histoire d’une idéologie politique, Editions Demopolis, 2007.
  • Duménil, G., Lévy, D., The Crisis of Neoliberalism, Harvard, Harvard University Press, 2010.
  • Fleurbaey, M., Capitalisme ou démocratie ? L’alternative du XXIème siècle, Paris : Grasset, 2006.
  • Girault, J. (coordinateur), Des communistes en France (années 1920 – années 1960), Publications de la Sorbonne, 2002.
  • Hayek, F., La Route de la servitude, fr. G. Blumberg, Paris, Librairie de Médicis, 1945.
  • Hall, St., Le Populisme autoritaire. Puissance de la droite et impuissance de la gauche au temps du thatchérisme et du blairisme, traduction d’Hélène Saulvage et d’Etienne Beerlham avec la collaboration de Christophe Jaquet, Paris, Editions Amsterdam, 2008.
  • Mitterrand, Fr., L’Abeille et l’architecte, Paris, Flammarion, 1978.
  • Mitterrand, Fr., préface à Robert Badinter (dir.) Liberté, Libertés, Paris, Gallimard, 1976.
  • Rocard, M., Le cœur à l’ouvrage, Paris, Odile Jacob, 1987.
  • Salmon, A., Moraliser le capitalisme ?, Paris, CNRS Editions, 2009.
  • Tismaneanu, , Reinventing Politics: Eastern Europe from Stalin to Havel, New York: Free Press, 1992.

Articles:

  • Another great leap forward? Modernization is hard to argue with. But it may not be what Russia needs, The Economist, March 11th, 2010.
  • Duménil, G., Lévy, D., A propos de la crise du néolibéralisme, en Actuel Marx, 46, 2009.
  • Good news, for hobbits. Two views on new banking rules are better than one, The Economist, May 13th 2010.
  • Valentin, V., L’Europe au risque de la démocratie. La critique libérale, en Raisons politiques, 10, mai 2003.

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