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8 – 9 / 2016

Revista: 8 – 9 /2016
Anul Publicarii:2016
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Anthology. The artistic and literary social environment of the Gustian School

The present anthology is composed by short conferences, conferences ’ descriptions, editorials, and notes made in the interwar publications by artists, writers, poets, and other representatives of the Bucharest cultural life. The contributions revolve, in a way or another, around the sociological movement animated by Dimitrie Gusti.

Keywords: Gustian School, interwar history, anthology, artistic and literary social environment

Studii literare

Autor: Zoltán ROSTÁS, Ionuț BUTOI
Email: zoltan.z.rostas@gmail.com, ionutbutoi@yahoo.com

Uncertain Boundaries. The Literary and Artistic Milieu of the Gusti School

This research project is about the literary and artistically social environment of the Gustian School. It gives a first glimpse on the complex network of artists and writers, some of them renowned, that helped consolidate the status of the sociological School in the political-cultural field of the Romanian interwar society. As a consequence of the systematic multidisciplinary and ecumenical tactic used by Gusti and of the diverse interests and social bonds of the monographers, this environment functioned as an amplifier of the Gustian sociological projects.

Keywords: Gustian School, monography, history of sociology, interwar history

  • Rostás, Zoltán, Monografia ca utopie. Interviuri cu Henri H. Stahl [Monograph as Utopia: Interviews with Henri H. Stahl], Paideia, 2000
  • Rostás, Zoltán, Sala luminoasă. Primii monografiști ai școlii gustiene [The bright room. The first monographistis of the Gustian school], Paideia, 2000
  • Stahl H.H., „Școala Monografiei Sociologice” [The Monographic Sociological School] în „Omagiu profesorului D.Gusti. XXV de ani de învățământ universitar, 1910-1935”, Arhiva pentru Știința și Reforma socială [Archive for Science and Social Reform],  anul XIV, 1936
Autor: Paul CERNAT
Email: cernatpaul@gmail.com

Authenticity and Monographic Realism. Interwar Romanian Writers and the Gusti School

This study tries to evaluate the impact of the Sociological School of Bucharest, created by Dimitrie Gusti and Henri H. Stahl, on the Romanian interwar writers. The social program of this national instituution and its scientific agenda have as main objective a mobilisation of the young intellectual elites and a social mapping of the country. From this point of view, the documentary films, the sociological reports and the museological reenactements shall be regarded as some identity mapping tools. The common denominator of this enterprise is defined by the ethic social engagement, by the authenticity of the experience, and also by the realist attitude of the monographs.

Keywords: modern Romanian culture, Gusti School, writers, authenticty, realism, sociology, monography

  • Ionuţ Butoi, Mircea Vulcănescu. O microistorie a interbelicului românesc/ Mircea Vulcănescu. A Microhistory of Romanian Interwar Years, Editura Eikon, Cluj, 2015
  • Dimitrie Gusti și colaboratorii, Cornova 1931, ediţie îngrijită de Marin Diaconu, Zoltán Rostás  și Vasiel Șoimaru, Editura Quant, Chișinău, 2011
  • Mircea Eliade, ”Muzeul satului românesc”/”The Village Museum”, Revista Fundaţiilor Regale, anul III, nr. 7, 1 iulie 1936
  • Laurenţiu Fulga-Ionescu, Campania a doua. 1 iulie – 1 octombrie 1938: Bogaţi Dîmboviţa/The Second Campaign. 1 iulie – 1 octombrie 1938: Bogaţi Dîmboviţa, Editura Fundaţia Culturală Regală Carol I, București, 1939
  • Henri H. Stahl, Epistolar monografist din arhiva de scrisori a lui H. H. Stahl/ Monographic epistolary from the H.H. Stahl correspondence archive, ediţie de Zoltán Rostás, Editura Paideiea, București, 2015
  • Miron Radu Paraschivescu, Oameni și așezări din Ţara Moţilor și a Basarabilor/People and places from Țara Moților and Basarabilor, Fundaţia Culturală Regală Regele Carol I, Craiova, 1938
  • Miron Radu Paraschivescu, Drumuri și răspîntii. Reportaje 1937-1944/ Roads and Crossroads. Reportages 19371944, Editura pentru Literatură, București, 1967
  • Dragoș Sdrobiș, Limitele meritocraţiei într-o societate agrară. Șomaj intelectual și radicalizare politică a tineretului în România interbelică/ The limits of meritocracy in an agrarian society: Intellectual unemployment and political radicalization of youth in interwar Romania, Editura Polirom, Iași, 2015
Autor: Ionuț BUTOI
Email: ionutbutoi@yahoo.com

Not just about fashion. Some considerations about the lesser known writings of Mircea Vulcănescu

Between July and October 1933 Mircea Vulcănescu held, under the pseudonym «Ivy», the fashion section on the economic weekly magazine, Index. Most of his 13 articles, representing all the contributions of „Ivy”, were dedicated to women’s fashion and were written in the first person feminine. In this study I will frame the context of these articles locating them among other concerns of Vulcănescu in the short historical term stated, I will try to explain the meaning of role play made by „Ivy”, linking it to the author’s attitude towards the role of women in society. I will also try to bring forward the possible origins of his interest in fashion and, of course, I will analyze the content of the articles written for Index, showing their philosophical and economic substrate. I will also make a link between Vulcănescu’s theoretical concerns about fashion and what the clothing style of the young interwar generation can say about their social condition. Through these articles we have the first ever sociological considerations on fashion made in Romania.

Keywords: modern Romanian culture, sociology of fashion, interwar sociology, Mircea Vulcănescu.

  • Berdiaev, Nikolai, Sensul istoriei [The Meaning of History], Polirom, 2013
  • Diaconu, Marin, Mircea Vulcănescu. Profil spiritual [Mircea Vulcănescu. Spiritual profile], Ed. Eminescu, 2001
  • Constantino, Maria, Fashions of a Decade. The 1930s, Chelsea House Publishing, 2007
  • Ionescu, Nae, Curs de istorie a metafizicei [History of Metaphysics Course], Editura Anastasia, 1996
  • Pendergast, Sarah & Pendergast, Tom, Fashion, Costume, and Culture: Clothing, Headwear, Body Decorations, and Footwear through the Ages. Vol. 4: Modern World Part I: 1900-1945 , Thomson Gale, 2004
  • Paulicelli, Eugenia, Fashion under Fascism. Beyond the Black Shirt, Berg Publishers, 2004
  • Vulcănescu, Mircea, Opere I. Dimensiunea românească a existenței [Works I. The Romanian Dimension of Existence], Ed. Fundației Naționale pentru Știință și Artă, Ed. Univers Enciclopedic, 2005
  • Vulcănescu, Mircea, Opere II. Chipuri spirituale. Prolegomene sociologice [Works II. Spiritual Faces. Sociological prolegomena] , Editura Fundației Naționale pentru Știință și Artă; Editura Univers Enciclopedic, 2005
  • Vulcănescu, Mircea, Spre un nou medievalism economic. Scrieri economice [Towards a new economic medievalism. Economic writings], Ed. Compania, 2009
  • Vulcănescu, Mărgărita Ioana, Memorii – Jurnal. Vol. I [Memoires – Journal. Vol I], Ed. Vitruviu, 2013
Autor: Theodor CONSTANTINIU
Email: theodor_constantiniu@yahoo.com

Constantin Brăiloiu and the sociological dimension of ethnomusicology

Constantin Brăiloiu is, beyond any doubt, the most prominent Romanian ethnomusicologist and one of the most important European scholars in his field. During his Romanian years, he was involved in the field research carried by the Bucharest sociological school under the supervision of his initiator, Dimitrie Gusti. Gusti’s school exercised an important influence on Brăiloiu’s thought and helped the latter to design a new path for the future of his discipline. This paper focuses on the relation between Brăiloiu and the monographic school and his major contributions to the Romanian interwar ethnomusicology: the proposal he made for a new epistemological status for the folk music studies, a status which places this discipline in a close connection with sociology and the method he devised for a proper field inquiry with a sociological relevance. Also, there will be discussed Brăiloiu’s sociological background in his rejection of evolutionary and diffusionist theories in ethnomusicology and the ideological implications of his affiliation with the monographic school.

Keywords: Constantin Brăiloiu, Romanian interwar ethnomusicology, nation building, sociology of musical folklore, modernization.

  • Katharina Biegger, „Arhivarea în ghearele timpului” / „Archiving in the claws of time”, în Laurent Aubert (editor), Memorie activă. Omagiu lui Constantin Brăiloiu/ Active memory. Hommage for Constantin Brăiloiu, Ed. Martor, București, 2011.
  • Jacques Bouët, „Brăiloiu astăzi. Înfloririle unei gândiri fecunde în miezul marilor dezbateri ale etnomuzicologiei contemporane” / „Brăiloiu today. The flourishing of a prolific thought among the great debates of the contemporary ethnomusicology”, în Laurent Aubert (editor), Memorie activă. Omagiu lui Constantin Brăiloiu/ Active memory. Hommage for Constantin Brăiloiu, Ed. Martor, București, 2011.
  • Pierre Bourdieu, Economia bunurilor simbolice / Economy of the symbolic goods, Ed. Meridiane, București, 1986. Constantin Brăiloiu, „Schiță a unei metode de folklore muzical”/ „Sketch for a method of musical folklore”, (1931), în Constantin Brăiloiu, Opere/Writings, vol. IV, Ed. Muzicală, București, 1969.
  • Constantin Brăiloiu, „Despre folklorul muzical în cercetarea monografică” / „About the musical folklore in the monographic research”, (1929), în Constantin Brăiloiu, Opere/Writings, vol. IV, Ed. Muzicală, București, 1969.
  • Constantin Brăiloiu, „Folclorul muzical” / „Musical folklore”, (1959), în Opere / Writings, vol. 2, Ed. Muzicală, București, 1969. Constantin Brăiloiu, „Viața muzicală a unui sat. Cercetarea repertoriului din Drăguș (1929-1932)” / „The musical life of a village. The research of the Drăguș repertoire (1929-1932)”, (1960), în Constantin Brăiloiu, Opere / Writings, vol. IV, Ed. Muzicală, București, 1969.
  • George Breazul, Patrium Carmen. Contribuții la studiul muzicii românești / Patrium Carmen. Essays in the Romanian music’s research, Ed. Scrisul românesc, Craiova, 1941.
  • Ionuț Butoi, Mircea Vulcănescu. O microistorie a interbelicului românesc / Mircea Vulcănescu. A microhistory of the romanian interwar period, Ed. Eikon, București, 2015.
  • Luc Charles-Dominique, „«Folclor» și «închistare națională». Etnomuzicologia europenistă a lui Brăiloiu supusă probei exotismului” / „«Folklore» and «national seclusion». Brăiloiu’s Europeanist ethnomusicology submitted to the exoticism test”, în Laurent Aubert (editor), Memorie activă. Omagiu lui Constantin Brăiloiu / Active memory. Hommage for Constantin Brăiloiu, Ed. Martor, București, 2011.
  • Octavian Lazăr Cosma, Hronicul muzicii românești / The chronicle of the Romanian music, vol. VI, Ed. Muzicală, București, 1984.
  • Viorel Cosma, „Muzicieni în texte și documente (XV)” / „Musicians in texts and documents”, Revista Muzica, nr. 4, 2010.
  • Robert Dèliege, O istorie a antropologiei / A history of anthropology, Ed. Cartier, Chișinău, 2007.
  • Claude Karnoouh, Invenția poporului națiune. Cronici din România și Europa Orientală1973-2007 / Inventing the national people. Chronicles from Romania and Oriental Europe 1973-2007, Ed. Idea, Cluj-Napoca, 2011.
  • Vintilă Mihăilescu, „The Monographic School of Dimitrie Gusti. How is a “Sociology of the Nation” possible?”, în Ethnologia Balkanica, No. 2, 1998.
  • Antonio Momoc, Capcanele politice ale sociologiei interbelice / The political traps of interwar sociology, Ed. Curtea Veche, București, 2012.
  • Jean-Jacques Nattiez, Lupta dintre Cronos și Orfeu. Eseuri de semiologie muzicală aplicată / The battle of Chronos and Orpheus: essays in applied musical semiology, Ed. Artes, Iași, 2007.
  • Jean-Jacques Nattiez, „Brăiloiu: inovații, cuceriri, prelungiri” / „Brăiloiu: innovations, conquests, extensions”, în Laurent Aubert (editor), Memorie activă. Omagiu lui Constantin Brăiloiu / Active memory. Hommage for Constantin Brăiloiu, Ed. Martor, București, 2011.
  • Speranța Rădulescu, Peisaje muzicale în România secolului XX / Musical landscapes in 20th century Romania, Ed. Muzicală, București, 2002.
  • Speranța Rădulescu, „Un savant european al etnomuzicologiei” / „A European scholar of ethnomusicology”, în Revista Muzica, nr. 1, 2011.
  • Zoltán Rostás, Sala Lumioasă. Primii monografiști ai școlii gustiene / The bright room. The first monographists of the Gustian school, Ed. Paideia, București, 2003.
  • Henri H. Stahl, „Constantin Brăiloiu și sociologia vieții muzicale” / „Constantin Brăiloiu and the sociology of the musical life”, în Cercetări de muzicologie / Researches of musicology, vol. 2, Conservatorul de muzică „Ciprian Porumbescu”, București, 1970.
  • Henri H. Stahl, Amintiri și gânduri… / Recollections and thoughts, Ed. Minerva, București, 1981.
Autor: Sanda GOLOPENȚIA
Email: sanda_golopentia@brown.edu

Fieldwork Experience in Literature: Harry Brauner

As a member of Dimitrie Gusti’s monographic teams, Harry Brauner registered folk songs and dances in Romania beginning with 1929. He maintained a close contact with his informants and, later on, described this experience in the volume Să auzi iarba cum creşte („Listen to the Grass Growing”), published in 1979.

Keywords: Dimitrie Gusti, Constantin Brăiloiu, Drăguş folklore, folk song, ”Edison” phonograph

Autor: Ioana POPESCU
Email: iopopescualta@gmail.com

The Monographic visual documentation, from ”Types” to Peasants

The article examines a major turning point introduced in social research practice by Dimitrie Gusti’s monographic program of visual documentation. The author argues that the monographic research program entailed an aesthetic that was new relative to the one mobilized by prior research. The visual information (that is, both photographs and filmed footage) gathered by the predecessors of the Gustian school displayed a certain Romantic sensibility, which drew on the ruin trope and the beautiful costume as part of an attempt to come up with a set of cultural types. In opposition to that, the monographic research was guided by direct observation and prioritized the documentation of everyday life. Due to that, the visual data gathered – based on empathy, social mobilization and the intimate knowledge of the subjects – became far more powerful.

Keywords: Dimitrie Gusti, Iosif Berman, visual documentation, types, sociological film.

  • Bulzan, C., 2009, Filmul sociologic / The sociological film, în Tratat de sociologie rurală / Treatise on rural sociology, ed. Mica Valahie, București
  • Căliman, C., 1967, Filmul documentar românesc / Romanian documentary film, ed. Meridiane, București
  • Căliman, C., 2000, Istoria filmului românesc / Romanian film history, ed. Contemporanul, București
  • Datcu, I, 2014, Cornova 1931, în Etnologi basarabeni, nord-bucovineni și transnistreni / Basarabian, North Bukovinean and Transnistrean ethnologists, RCR Editorial, București; http://www.cooperativag.ro/ autor/iordan-datcu/
  • Golopenţia A., 1932, Aspecte ale desfășurării procesului de orășenizare a satului Cornova / Aspects of conducting the urbanization process of the village Cornova, în Arhiva pentru Știință și Reformă Socială
  • Golopenția, S., 2011, Cornova ca revelator al satului românesc și al monografiei / Cornova as revealing the Romanian village and the monography, Conferințele Micea Vulcănescu, MNȚR , București
  • Gusti, D. și co laboratorii, 2011, Cornova 1931, ediţie îngrijită de Marin Diaconu, Zoltán Rostás  și Vasile Șoimaru, ed Quant, Chișinău
  • Gusti, D., 1946, Sociologia militans. Cu noaștere și acţiune în serviciul naţiunii, vol. I, Cunoaștere / Sociologia militans. Knowledge and action in the service of the nation, vol. I, Knowledge, Fundația Regele Mihai I, București
  • Neamțu, O. 1969, Precursorii filmului sociologic / The precursors of the sociological film, Tribuna, Cluj Popescu, I, 1996, L’image photographique. Ambiguité et Pouvoir / Photographic image. Ambiguity and power, Martor nr. 2, București
  • Popescu, I, 1997, Une généalogie du regard / A Genealogy of the look, New Europe College Yearbook, București.
  • Rostas, Z, 2003, Sala luminoasă. Primii monografiști ai Școlii gustiene / The Bright Room. The First Monographists of Gusti’s School, ed. Paideia, București
  • Sontag, Susan, 1982, Sur la photographie / On Photography, ed. du Seuil, Paris
  • Stahl, H. H., 1936, Școala monografiei sociologice / School of the sociological monography, http://sas.unibuc.ro/ uploads_ro/1149/94/hhs36_monografia.pdf
  • Ștefănucă, P., 1932, Scrisori din război/ Letters from war, în Arhiva pentru știința și reforma socială
  • Voicu, C, 2013, Școala monografică, Dimitrie Gusti și Drăgușul / The Monographic School, Dimitrie Gusti and Drăguș, http://tara-barsei.ro/wp-content/ uploads/2014/01/voicu2013.pdf

Științe vizuale

Dosar

Istorie si studii culturale

Autor: Alina JURAVLE
Email: alina.juravle@gmail.com

Recent reflections on H.H. Stahl’s historical sociology

The following article follows Ștefan Guga’s attempt to reclaim Henri H. Stahl’s sociology within the lines of a Marxist paradigm and of historical sociology. After critically tracing Stahl’s reception and presentation within the work of local sociologists, Guga connects Stahl’s theoretical work to the contemporary works and theories that Stahl related to. But Guga, we show, in an attempt to critically review his work, erroneously exaggerates in his attempts to construct his model of contemporary sociology and to stress the opposition between Stahl-the-marxist and Dimitrie Gusti’s School of Sociology.

Keywords: Henri. H. Stahl, Ștefan Guga, marxism, historical sociology, Bucharest School of Sociology

  • Stahl, Henri H., 1974, Teoria și practica investigațiilor sociale: metode și tehnici / Theory and practice in social investigation: methods and techniques, 2 vol., București, Editura Științifică
  • Stahl, Henri H., 1981, Amintiri și gânduri din vechea școală a monografiilor sociologice / Memoirs and Thoughts about the Old School of “Sociological Monographs”, București, Minerva
  • Rostás, Zoltán, 2000, Monografia ca utopie: Interviuri cu H. H. Stahl (1985-1987) / The Monograph as a Utopia – Interviews with H.H. Stahl (1985-1987), București, Paideia.

Istorie

Științele educației

Filozofie și studii politice

Stiintele comunicarii

Autor: Dragoș SDROBIȘ
Email: dragossdrobis@yahoo.com

Sketches for “a Science of Nowadays”

In the recent years, the nostalgic memory of the interwar Romania began to be challenged through the lens of the social history. The reminiscences of how we do remember this period began to be extinguished by the social history reminders. And through reminders one should understand any document – material or immaterial – that gives clues in conducting new insights into this period. Such reminders are the intellectual records of Anton Golopenția edited during the last two decades by his daughter, Sanda Golopenția. This book, that gathers essays, projects and letter drafts, approaches the problem of the young generation. The generational theme had become a commonplace of interwar intellectual debate. Furthermore, although not all of the young intellectuals had an unitary vision on this matter, all the participants in this debate pertained to the same set of problems of the Romanian society and of the youth, in particular. Regardless of their ideological answers, the fact that they were all relating to the same problems was an evidence that the young people wanted a thorough reform (or revolution, if applicable) of the Romanian realities. If we add that universal male suffrage became a reality, as well as access to education (especially the higher one), one can say that the movement of the interwar young generation is the first mass movement in the history of Romania. One that was socially motivated, ideologically grounded and politically conducted. And in order to change reality you had to know better the “nowadays”.

Keywords: modern Romanian history, social history, Gusti School, Anton Golopenția, Sanda Golopenția

  • Anton Golopenția, Ultima carte. Text integral al declarațiilor de anchetă ale lui Anton Golopenția aflate în Arhivele SRI, volum editat, cu introducere și anexă de Sanda Golopenția, [The Last Book. The Full Text of the Investigation Statements of Anton Golopenția found in the SRI Archive] București, Editura Enciclopedică, 2001
  • Anton Golopenția, Rapsodia epistolară. Scrisori primite și trimise de Anton Golopenția 1923-1950, [The Epistolary Rhapsody. Sent and Received Letters of Anton Golopenția 1923-1950], volum editat de Sanda Golopenția, Ruxandra Guțu Pelazza și Lidia Bradley, București, Editura Enciclopedică, 2012
  • Jon Savage, Teenage. The Prehistory of Youth Culture, 18751945, Penguin Books, 2008
  • Octav Șuluțiu, Jurnal, [Diary] ediție îngrijită, prefațată și adnotată de Nicolae Florescu, Cluj Napoca, Editura Dacia, 1975
  • Robert Wohl, The Generation of 1914, Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1979.

Etnografie si folclor

Fizica speculativa

Recenzii

Autor: Cosmina TIMOCE-MOCANU
Email: cosminatimoce@yahoo.com

Notes from a Fragmentary Book of Letters: A Monographist Epistolary. Zoltán Rostás Edition from H. H. Stahl’s Archive of Letters. Bucharest, Paideia Publishing House, 2005.

The book entitled A Monographist Epistolary. Zoltán Rostás Edition from H. H. Stahl’s Archive of Letters [Epistolar monografist. Ediţie de Zoltán Rostás din arhiva de scrisori a lui H. H. Stahl] published some of the letters that sociologist Henri H. Stahl had received between 1929 and 1946. The addressers were Romanian and foreign intellectuals with various backgrounds and further careers, monographists and momentary contributors to Dimitrie Gusti’s Sociological School. The mentioned documents reveal Stahl as: a coordinator of monographic works and student teams, a methodologist of the sociological monographic campaigns, an unsurpassed field researcher, a study author or a professional editor, a professor, a colleague and a friend. In addition, a reading centered mostly on happenings would reveal: moments and stages related to the Sociological School in Bucharest, occasional methodological reconfigurations, precise situations of editorial projects, radiographies of daily efforts undertaken by Gustian sociologists in order to promote research nationally and internationally.

Keywords: Bucharest Sociological School, Henri H. Stahl, Dimitrie Gusti, correspondence between monogrpahists, interwar Romania.

Autor: Alina BRANDA
Email: alinabranda@yahoo.com

Ionuț Butoi, Mircea Vulcănescu. A Microhistory of the Romanian Interwar Period, Eikon publishing house, 375 pages

Published in 2015, by Eikon publishing house, Ionuț Butoi’s book, Mircea Vulcănescu. O Microistorie a interbelicului românesc proposes a new, original, deep, and structured perspective on the interwar period in Romania, through the lenses of Mircea Vulcănescu’s works, life and actions. The present article proposes an examination of this book – both in what regards its intentions and its realizations.

Keywords: interwar period, Mircea Vulcănescu, social history, young generation,  modernization processes, villages and households, agriculture, tensions.

Autor: Șerban VĂETIȘI
Email: vaetisis@yahoo.com

Towards a Corpus of the City’s Historical Social Problems

The article reviews Zoltán Rostás’s anthology on the “Bucharest of architects, sociologists and doctors: between urban projects and lethargic poverty”, a collection of writings initially published during the interwar period. The review highlights the importance of social problems in understanding urban history, by suggesting how the contribution brought together by different specialists writing about the interwar Romanian city may constitute fundamental texts for any future urban study in Romania. The Capital city of Bucharest is depicted in the book not only with uncommon brushes, different from the fashionable representations of the interwar city life, but with preoccupations on diagnoses of and solutions to a variety of problems: from urban planning to integration of rural culture in the city life, and from orphanage asylums to neighborhood sanitation. This kind of anthologies are quite rare, and gathered together material like this would constitute a valuable corpus of any city’s historical social problems.

Keywords: Bucharest, social history, social problems, urban policy, modernization, anthology, urban studies

Autor: Maria LARIONESCU
Email: maria.larionescu@gmail.com

Stefan Czarnowski. Letters sent to Henri Hubert and Marcel Mauss (1905-1937). Edited by Kornelia Konczal and Joanna Wawrzyniak, Instytut Socjologii UW & Oficyna Naukowa, Warszawa 2015

Stefan Czarnowski is connected vith two leading sociological schools of interwar Europe: the Durkheimian as well as the Polish science of society. This edition of correspondence offers rich descriptions and analyses of the intercultural exchanges which have made a valuable contribution to the development of sociological identity in Central and Eastern Europe. It offers more than a historical presentation, as it contains valuable sociological insight into complex multicultural social research – namely identifying major social problems, tracing a comparative approach, understanding the social context of topics, achieving a balance between the diachronic and the synchronic, orienting towards a flexible adaptation to multiple conditionings, redundancies, modified agendas etc.

Keywords: Stefan Czarnowski, correspondence, Henri Hubert, Marcel Mauss, Durkheim’s sociological school, the Polish sociological school

Autor: Aurica STAN
Email: stanaurica@yahoo.com

„There was never such a despaired women like me!” Women, honor, and sins in 19th century Wallachia

The book titled „There was never such a despaired women like me!” Women, honor, and sins in 19th century Wallachia is focused around Romanian women as they assumed social roles both in the public and private area in 19th century Wallachia. This type of project represents a sort of general inventory of Romanian women active in the 19th century, taking into account social pressures, women’s family responsibilities, women portraits, women traditions, while also observing the legislative frame of that period in what regards women issues. Religion is also an important issue in understanding the feminine figures of that period. The tradition of total female submission persisted in 19th century Valachia, with few exceptions. On the surface, Valachian women often appear docile, submissive, and deferential to the wishes of their husbands and in-laws. Observed more profoundly, this situation also shows unexpected complexities, generated by the unorthodox behaviour of what the ages used to call „sinful women”.

Keywords: 19th century Wallachia, the condition of women, the status of women, women’s equality, feminism

Autor: Gabriela-Cătălina DOBRESCU
Email: dobrescugabriela@yahoo.com

“Political Journal 1939-1950”

The „Political Journal 1939-1950” of the diplomat Dimitrie Iuraşcu brings to the readers daily moments of Romania through the Carlist, Legionnaire, Antonescu, and communist dictatorships. We noted in this review the attitude of Dimitrie Iuraşcu on Carol II, the reports of the coming to power of Ion Antonescu and the formation of the legionary government, the reaction to the legionary rebellion in 1941, to Antonescu’s loss of power in 1944, to the installment of the Petru Groza regime in 1945, to the abdication of King Mihai on 30 December 1947. The entire political journal of the diplomat Dimitrie Iuraşcu comments these important events, putting them quite ofthen in a geopolitical and geostrategic perspective. We have particularly researched notes and entries regarding the Gusti School. We have channeled our attention to the work of interwar intellectuals in fields such as art, literature, sociology, history, etc. – most of them being connected, in one way or another, with the sociological school coagulated around Dimitrie Gust.

Keywords: modern Romanian history, interwar social history, Dimitrie Iurașcu, political diary, Gusti School

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