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10 / 2017

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Revista: 10 / 2017
Anul Publicarii:2017
Print ISSN: 0255 0539
Revista Transilvania

Științe socio-umane

Arte vizuale

Filozofie și studii sociale

Antropologie și etnologie

Sociologie

Științe politice & juridice

Istorie & Antropologie

Studii culturale

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Științele limbii

Considérations sur les termes de la faune et de la flore dans les proverbes franÇais

Autor: Maria Rodica MIHULECEA
Email: rmihulecea@yahoo.com

Observations Upon the Terms which name the Flora and Fauna in French Proverbs

In the present study we want to illustrate certain morphological and semantic aspects typical of the proverbs. These aspects are present in the linguistic structure of this species. We shall pay special attention to that part of speech which is best represented in the proverb enunciations – the noun which names objects and abstract ideas. We shall insist upon the concrete nouns from the semantic field of the flora and fauna. In the first part of this study we have had in view the way these terms are distributed inside the proverbs. In the second part of this article we have identified some processes expressive, created by the relations of association as well as by the contrast ratios which come up between the terms which name the flora and fauna. In our approach, we have grounded our examples on a substantial corpus of proverbs which are representative for our analysis. The examples have been extracted from electronic versions and collections.

Keywords: modern and contemporary French language, proverbs, fauna, flora, term, expressive means.

  • Bacry, Patrick. Les figures de style/Figures of speech. Paris, Belin, „ Collection Sujets”,1992,335 p
  • Bally, Charles. Traité de stylistique française / Treatise of French stylistics. Librairie Klincksieck, Genève – Paris, 1951, 332 p.
  • Charaudeau, Patrick. Grammaire du sens et de l’expression / Grammar of the meaning and expression. Paris, Hachette, 1992, 927 p.
  • Fromilhague, Catherine; Sancier, Anne. Introduction à l’analyse stylistique / Introduction in the stylistic analysis. Paris, Bordas, 1991, 262 p.
  • Riegel, Martin (dir.); Pellat, Jean-Christophe; Rioul, René. Grammaire méthodique du français / Methodical grammar of French. 2e édition, Paris, Quadrige / PUF, 2002, 646 p.
  • Molinié, Georges. Dictionnaire de rhétorique / Dictionary of rhetoric. Paris, Librairie Générale Française, Coll. «Le Livre de poche», 1992, 351 p.

Ressources électroniques:

  • Dictionnaire français Larousse in http://www.larousse.fr/ dictionnaires/francais/g%C3%A9n%C3%, consulté le 30. 07.2017.
  • Dictionnaire français Trésor in http://www.cnrtl.fr/ definition/Ruse, consulté le17.09.2017.
  • http://www.proverbes-citations.com/ consulté le 28.06.2017.
  • http://www.proverbes-francais.fr/proverbes-loup, consulté le 10.05.2017
  • http://environnement.ecole.free.fr/proverbes-dictonsplantes-cultivees.htm, consulté le 2. 09. 2017.
  • http://environnement.ecole.free.fr/proverbes-dictonsplantes-general.htm, consulté le 28. 08. 2017.

Textes de référence:

  • Gorunescu, Elena. Dicţionar de proverbe francez – român / Dictionary of proverbs French- Romanian. Bucureşti, Editura Știinţifică şi Enciclopedică, 1975, 165 .
  • Pineaux, Jacques. Proverbes et dictons français / French proverbs and adages. Paris, PUF, Coll.«Que sais-je?», 1967, 129 p.
  • Moy, Sylvie. 100 Proverbes français (les plus courants et leur signification) /100 French proverbs (the most frequent ones and their meanings). Paris, Fnac-Parler, 2012, 39 p. in http://www.frenchpdf.com/2015/04/ download-100-Proverbes-francais-les-plus-courantspdf.html, consulté le 26. 07. 2017.

Științele economice

Antropologie. Studii filozofice

Reason and Argumentation – Philosophy as discourse in Chaïm Perelman

Autor: Raluca STANCIU
Email: ralucasoare2003@yahoo.co.uk

Reason and Argumentation – Philosophy as discourse in Chaïm Perelman

In order to determine the state of philosophical practices, we must take into consideration their objectivable dimensions, by retracing the operations that ensure their construction within the order of discourse. Grounding such discursive understanding of philosophical practices means first of all to explain the apories to which it submits. We can attempt at asking ourselves why such an endeavour that has completely renewed the reading of literary, religious or scientific books, seems so difficult to apply in the case of philosophy. The reason is anything but serendipitous, rather tied to the specificity of philosophy, which, by virtue of its calling, tends to reign over and explain the conditions of its own representation. It rejects therefore any attempt that, from an outside position, may claim the objectivization of its rules of instalment and functioning.

With Chaim Perelman, reason is restored within a pluralistic moral and axiological frame, as historical reason, revealed by philosophy, in a dialectic manner. Therefore, by virtue of the intrinsic and subtle relation between the two, the argumentative reason grounds the philosophy, and the latter formulates but also simultaneously modifies the historical reason.

Keywords: rhetoric, philosophy, philosophical discourse, argumentation, reality, historical reason, neo-rhetoric, argumentative reasoning.

References:

  • Cossuta, Frédéric (1995): Pour une analyse du discours philosophique. [Analysis of the Philosophical Discourse]. Langages, nr. 119.
  • Florescu, Vasile (1973): Retorica şi neoretorica. [Rhetoric and Neo-rhetoric]. Bucureşti: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România.
  • Perelman, Chaïm (2000): Traité de L’Argumentation. [A Study in Argumentation]. Bruxelles: Edition de l’Université de Bruxelles.
  • Perelman, Chaïm, (1974): Débats, Philosophie et Méthode, in Philosophie et Méthode. [Debates, Philosophy and Methods]. Bruxelles: Editions de l’Université de Bruxelles.
  • Schmetz, Roland (2000): L’argumentation selon Perelman. Pour un raison au cœur de la rhétorique. [Agumentation after Perelman. For a Reason at the Heart of Rhetoric]. Namur: Presses Universitaires de Namur.

Pomul Vieții în Antichitatea Orientului Apropiat (comunicare și simbol în morfologia religiilor)

Autor: Lucian GROZEA
Email: lucian.grozea@ulbsibiu.ro

The Tree of Life in the Antiquity of the Near East (Communication and Symbol in the Morphology of Religions)

The tree (tree, shrub, bush, plant, by extension) is one of the symbols most commonly found and used in the cultural-religious discourse, cultural significance or anthropomorphic assimilations within the props of human spirituality. There is no sacred projection in the spiritual geography of humanity to lack the symbolism of the tree, its cosmological and soteriological, psychological and psychoanalytic significance or, more than ever, today, its advertising valence. The present study subjects from the perspective of the morphology of religions the meaning and communicative-symbolic significance of the concept of tree, with its derivatives, in the cultural and religious wording and manifestation of the Antiquity of the Near East, in this case the Mesopotamia and Egypt.

Keywords: tree of life, sacred trees, communicative-symbolic significance, morphology of ancient oriental religions

[1] Assmann, J., Death and Initiation in the Funerary Reliogion of Ancient Egypt, în W. K. Simpson, Religion and Philosophy in Ancient Egypt, Yale Egiptological Studies, 3, New Haven Yale, 1989.
[2] Babbit, F. C., Plutarch, Moralia, V, London, 1999.
[3] Bleeker, C.j., Hathor and Toth. Two Key Figures of Ancient Egyptian Religion, Leiden, 1973.
[4] Budge W. A. E., Osiris and the Egyptian Resurrection, London, 1911.
[5] Buhl L M., The Goddesses of the Egyptian Tree, în Journal of Near Eastern Studies, Volume 6, 2, Chicago, 1947.
[6] Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in British Museum, Part XVI, London, 1911.
[7] Daniel C., Gândirea asiro-babiloniană în texte, București, 1974.
[8] Daniel C., Gândirea egipteană antică în texte, București, 1975.
[9] Eliade M., Cosmologie și alchimie babiloniană, Iași, 19912.
[10] Eliade M., Tratat de istoria religiilor, București, 1992.
[11] Erman A., Life in Ancient Egypt, London, 1894.
[12] Frankfort, H., Kingship and the Gods. A Study of Ancient Near Eastern Religion and the Integration of Society and Nature, The University of Chicago, 19782.
[13] Frazer, J., Creanga de aur, vol. 3, trad. rom., București, 1980.
[14] Geller, M. J., A Middle Assyrian Tablet of Utukkū Lemnutū. Tablet 12, în Iraq, 42, 1, Cambridge,
[15] Genescu, M., Plutarh, Despre Isis și Osiris, București, 2006.
[16] George, A. R., The Babylonian Gilgamesh Epic, Introduction, Critical Edition and Cuneiform Text, Volume I, Oxford University Press, 2003.
[17] Gordon A. H., Schwabe C W., The Quick And The Dead: Biomedical Theory In Ancient Egypt,Leiden, 2004.
[18] Griffiths J. G., The Origins of Osiris and His Cult, Leiden, 1980.
[19] Kernbach, V., Mituri esențiale, București, 1978.
[20] Koemoth, P., Osiris et les arbres, Contribution à l’étude des arbres sacrés de l’Egypte ancienne, Liège, 1994.
[21] James, E. O., Myth and Ritual in the Near Ancient Est. An Archeological and Documentary Study, NewYork, 1958.
[22] Massey, G., Anciet Egypt the Light of the World, I, London, 1907,
[23] Maspero, G., Études égyptiennes, Tome Iere, Paris, 1886.
[24] Moldeke E. Ch., The Tale of Two Brothers. A Fairy Tale of Ancient Egypt. The Hieratic Text, The Hieroglyphic Transcription, a Translation, Notes, and a Glossary, The Elsinore Press, 1896.
[25] O’Connor, D., Abydos. Egypt’s First Pharaohs and Cult of Osiris, London, 2009.
[26] Oster, E. R., Julius Firmicus Maternus: De Errore Profanarum Religionum. Introduction, Translation and Commentary, Houston, 1971.
[27] Parpola, S., Tree of Life: Tracing the Origins of Jewish Monoteism and Greek Philosophy, în Journal of Near Eastern Studies, Volume 52, 3, Chicago, 1993.
[28] Redford, B. R., The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, Volume 1, Oxford University Press, 2001.
[29] Richardson S., An Assyrian Garden of Ancestors: Room I, Northwest Palace, Kalhu, în State Archives of Assyria Bulletin, Volume 12, Helsinki, 1999-2001.
[30] Ringgren, H., Ēș, în Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament, Volume XI, Cambridge, 2001.
[31] Römmer, H. W., Könighymnen der Isin-Zeit, Leiden, 1965.
[32] Simpson, K. W., The Literature of Ancient Egypt, An Anthology of Stories, Instructions, Stelae, Autobiographies, and Poetry, London, 20033.
[33] Sjöberg, A. W., Eve and the Chameleon, In the Shelter of Elyon. Essays on Ancient Palestinian Life and Literature in Honor of G.W. Ahlstrom, Journal for the Study of the Old Testament Supplement Series, 31, The University of Sheffield, 1984.
[34]Ștef F., Herodot, Istorii, II, Teora, 1998.
[35] Widengren, G., The King and the Tree of Life in Ancient Near Eastern Religion, Uppsala 1951..

Muzeul în aer liber – 50 de ani de la inaugurare (octombrie 1967)

Autor: Valer DELEANU
Email: office@muzeulastra.ro

The Open Air Museum – 50 Years Since Its Inauguration (October 1967)

The present article is a recapitulation of the fifty years passed from the inauguration of the Open Air Museum from Dumbrava Sibiului (in October 1967). The author is the only surviving museographer of the team which has started and then developed the Open Air Museum – which was to become the ASTRA Museum and the the ASTRA National Museum Complex. The memory exercise represented by the present article is essential for the reconstruction both of the historical context and of the theoretical and practical premises in which the ASTRA Museum originated.

Keywords: history of the ASTRA National Museum Complex, Open Air Museum, 50 years since its inauguration

Teologie

Studii literare

Despre a zbura sau a nu fi în cheie romantico-eroică. „Omul adevărat” al lui Boris Plevoi

Autor: Olga GRĂDINARU
Email: olaggrdinaru@gmail.com

Conținut indisponibil.

  • Abrudan, Elena, Mit şi semnificaţie în proza rusă. ClujNapoca, Casa Cărţii de Ştiinţă, 2004.
  • Davâdov, I. P., „Bania u Baby Yaghi” [„Baia la Baba Yaga”]. Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta, Filosofia, 6/2001.
  • Golţev, V., recenzie a operei Povestea unui om adevărat în revista Znamia, nr. 3, 1947.
  • Grădinaru, Olga, ”Myth and Rationality in Russian Popular Fairy Tales” în Caietele Echinox, volum 17 Mythos vs. Logos. Cluj-Napoca, 2009, pp. 315-322.
  • Grădinaru, Olga, „Constituirea personajelor malefice în basmele populare ruseşti“ în Buletin de Lingvistică, An IX, nr. 12, Chişinău, Institutul de Filologie al Academiei de Știinţe a Moldovei, 2011 pp. 104-115.
  • Grădinaru, Olga, „Scurtă incursiune în problematica personajului pozitiv în proza rusă şi sovietică“ in Studii umaniste şi perspective interculturale. Cercetări ale doctoranzilor în filologie. Conferinţă internaţională. Târgu-Mureş, 14-15 aprilie 2011, Eds. C. Moraru, Al. Cistelecan, I. Boldea, Târgu-Mureş, Ed. Universităţii Petru Maior, 2011, pp. 1479-1488.
  • Kedrina, Z., „Preodolenie” [„Depăşirea”] în revista Oktiabr` nr. 2, 1947.
  • Hoffmann, Dadiv L., Stalinist Values: The Cultural Norms of Soviet Modernity, 1917-1941. Ithaca and London, Cornell University Press, 2003.
  • Ozerov, Vitali, Sovremenniki i predshestvenniki. Zoloto dush chelovecheskikh – B. Polevoi: vstrechi, liudi, knigi [Contemporanii şi predecesorii. Aurul sufletelor omeneşti – B. Polevoi: întâlniri, oameni, cărţi]. Moskva, Sovetskii pisatel`, 1983.
  • Polevoi, Boris, Povest` o nastoiashchem cheloveke. [Povestea unui om adevărat.]. Moskva, Goslitzdat, 1955.
  • Polevoi, „Sovremenniki”[„Contemporanii”] în revista Studencheskii meridian, 8 mai 1975.
  • Polevoi, Boris, Povest` o nastoiashchem cheloveke [Povestea unui om adevărat]. Introducere de V. Karpov, Uchebnik muzhestva [Manualul vitejiei]. Moskva, Khudozhestvennaia literatura, Moskva, 1985.
  • Polevoi, Boris, Povestea unui om adevărat. Trad. de Eugenia David. Chişinău, Literatura artistică, 1988.
  • Propp, Vladimir, Istoriceskie korni volshebnoi skazki [Rădăcinile istorice ale basmului fantastic]. Moskva, Labirint, 1998.
  • Propp, Vladimir, Morfologia volshebnoi skazki [Morfologia basmului]. Nauchnaia redaktsia, tekstologicheckii kommentarii I. V. Peshkova [Editarea ştiințifică, comentariul textului de I. V. Peşkov]. Moskva, Labirint, 2001.
  • Seneavskaia, Elena, Psikhologia voiny v XX veke: istoricheskii opyt Rossii [Psihologia războiului în sec. al XX-lea: experienţa istorică a Rusiei]. Moskva, Rosspen, 1999.
  • Zubkova, Elena, Russia after the War: Hopes, Illusions and Dissapointments, 1945-1957, Trans. and ed. by Hugh Ragsdale, Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 1998.

Lucian Blaga și Norbert Elias: cultura și civilizația între „orizontul spațial al inconștientului” și procesualitate

Autor: David MORARIU
Email: davidmorariu@yahoo.com

Lucian Blaga and Norbert Elias: Culture and Civilization between „the Spatial Horizon of the Unconscious” and Processuality

The present study is a comparative approach putting under observation two philosophical systems of the interwar period – namely those of Lucian Blaga and of Norbert Elias. The author is mainly interested in the representations of the concepts of „culture” and „civilization”, such as the two philosophers have defined them, following the radical division between culture and civilization operated by prewar and interwar German philosophy (mostly by Georg Simmel).

Keywords: history of modern philosophy, the culture – civilization division in German philosophy, Lucian Blaga, Norbert Elias

  • Bergson, Henri, Eseu asupra datelor imediate ale conștiinței / Essay on the Immediate Data of the Conscience, ClujNapoca, Editura Dacia, 1993.
  • Blaga, Lucian, Opere – Trilogia culturii / Works – The Trilogy of Culture, București, Editura Minerva, 1985.
  • Braga, Corin, Lucian Blaga. Geneza lumilor imaginare / Lucian Blaga. The Genesis of Imaginary Worlds, Iași, Institutul European, 1998.
  • Elias, Norbert, Procesul civilizării. Cercetări sociogenetice și psihogenetice. Vol. I / The Process of Civilization. Sociogenetical and Psychogenetical Researches, vol. 1, Iași, Editura Polirom, 2002.
  • Freud, Sigmund, Opere esențiale – Vol. 4 / Essential Works, vol. 1, București, Editura Trei, 2009.
  • Jung, C. G., Amintiri, vise, reflecții / Memories, Dreams, Reflections, București, Editura Humanitas, 1996.
  • Nakamura, Hajime, Orient și Occident: O istorie comparată a ideilor / East and West: A Comparative History of Ideas, București, Editura Humanitas, 1997.
  • Stahl, Henri H., Eseuri critice despre cultura populară românească / Critical Essays on Romanian Popular Culture, București, Editura Minerva, 1983.

Originile Spoken Word. Scurtă istorie a performance literar

Autor: Maria DAVID
Email: mariadavid997@yahoo.com

Conținut indisponibil.

1. Smith, Marc Kelly; Kraynak, Joe, ”Take the Mic: The Art of Performance Poetry, Slam, and the Spoken Word”, USA, Sourcebooks Inc, 2009.
2. Yanofsky, David; Kass, James; Barry van Driel, “Spoken Word” and “Poetry Slams”: the voice of youth today, în European Journal Of Intercultural Studies, Vol. 10, No, 3, 1999.
3. McAlpine, Liam M., ”Spoken Word Poetry and the Academy:Sincerity, Intimacy, and the Spoken/ Written Binary”, Wesleyan University, The Honors College, Middletown, Connecticut, April, 2007.
4. Collins, Billy, Introduction to ”Spoken Word Revolution: Slam, Hip Hop & the Poetry of a New Generation (A Poetry Speaks Experience)”, Paperback – March 1, 2005.
5. Bernstein, Charles, ”My Way: Speeches and Poems”, University of Chicago Press, 1999.
6. ”Close listening: Poetry and the performed word”, edited by Ch. Bernstein, New York Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1998.
7. Holman, Bob, capitolul ”The Room” din ”Poetry Slam: The Competitive Art of Performance Poetry” editat de Garry Glazner, San Francisco, California, Manic D Press, 2000.
8. Rosenblatt, Luoise M., „Towards a transactional theory of reading” http://journals.sagepub.com/ doi/pdf/10.1080/10862969609546838, accesat la 21 octombrie 2017.
9. Hebdige, Dick, „Subculture, The Meaning of Style ”, London and New York, Methuen & Co. Ltd, 1979.
10. Kay, Sarah, „No Matter the Wreckage”, Tennessee, USA, Write Bloody Publishing, 2014.
11. Kaplon, Megan, ”Sarah Kay: Stage to page”, The Writer Magazine, 21 martie 2014.
12. Morones, Alyssa, ”Spoken-Word Poets Bring Words to Life for Students”, Education Week, Septembrie 16, 2013
13.http://www.edweek.org/ew/articles/2013/09/18/04poetry_ ep.h33.html, accesat la 15 octombrie 2017.
14. English, Lucy, The growing popularity of performance poetry is a boost for mental wellbeing, The Guardian, 2 June 2016, https://www.theguardian.com/cultureprofessionals-network/2016/jun/02/performancepoetry-boost-for-mental-wellbeing, accesat la 14 Octombrie 2017.
15. http://www.projectvoice.co/project-voice-about-us/ our-team accesat la 15 octombrie 2017.
16. Banales, Meliza, Slam poetry, performance poetry, în Encyclopaedia Britannica, https://www.britannica. com/art/slam-poetry#ref1191460, accesat la 15 octombrie 2017.
17. Wolfe, J. Francis, Behind the Lit: Allen Ginsberg’s First Reading of “Howl”, The Airship magazine, apud Schumacher, Michael, Dharma Lion: A Biography of Allen Ginsberg, St. Martin’s Press, December 1st 1994.
18. http://airshipdaily.com/blog/10072014allen-ginsberg-howl-reading, accesat la 20 octombrie 2017.

Mitul lui Orfeu și istoria poeziei

Autor: Dumitru Chioru
Email: dumitru.chioaru@gmail.com

Conținut indisponibil.

***, Filosofia greacă până la Platon / Greek Philosophy before Plato, vol. I, partea I, Bucureşti, Editura Ştiinţifică şi Enciclopedică, 1979

W.K.C. Guthrie, Orphée et la religion grecque. Etude sur la pensée orphique / Orpheus and Greek Religion. Study on Orphical Thought , Paris, Ed. Payot, 1956

Eva Kushner, Le mythe d’Orphée dans la littérature française contemporaine / The Myth of Orpheus in Contemporary French Literature, Paris, Ed. Nizet, 1961

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Istorie

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