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7 / 2019

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Revista: Revista Transilvania
Anul Publicarii:2019
Print ISSN: 0255 0539

Științe socio-umane

Arte vizuale

Filozofie și studii sociale

Antropologie și etnologie

Sociologie

Științe politice & juridice

Istorie & Antropologie

Autor: Natalija B. MALETS; Oleksandr O. MALETS
Email: 1981phd@gmail.com

Globalization and Multicultural Influences on Ethnonational Processes in Ukraine
at the End of 20th Century – Beg. of 21st Century

The article highlights and analyzes the impact of multiculturalism and globalization on the education of personality value orientations in Ukraine at the end of XX c beg. of XXI c. Multiculturalism in Ukraine should become a new educational strategy that will qualitatively determine new principles of the organization of the educational process, the nature of the presentation of school disciplines and the methodology of educational work. The main objective of multicultural education is the formation of a person, free from negative ethno-cultural stereotypes.
An important role in the formation of national consciousness belongs to the mother tongue, which is an essential ethno-differentiating feature. The actual relationship of language and nation often occurs in the consciousness. Education and development of younger generations is provided only in the native language – this axiom has long been accepted by civilized nations.
The worship of the native language, traditions and customs of the Ukrainian people and national art should dominate in the content of educational activities. Educational work should also be directed towards the formation of respect for the ethno-culture of other national minorities, overcoming prejudice towards them, national restrictions, and creating a positive psychological climate for their cohesion and friendship, and the formation of international communication culture. An important condition for the effectiveness of educational work is the consideration of ethnic psychosocial features, customs, moral and social values of representatives of all ethnic communities.

Keywords: multiculturalism, globalization, the formation of personality, ethnocultural processes, society.

Altermatt, Urs. Ethnonationalism in Europe. Moscow: RGGU, 2000. Print.
Bekh, Volodymy and Yuliia Bekh. “Self-Regulatory Paradigm of Education as a Process and Product of the Conceptualization of Branch Management.” New Paradigm: Journal of Scientific Papers 77 (2008): 21-26. Print.
Berlin, Lawrence. “The Benefits of Second Language Acquisition and Teaching for Indigenous Language Educators.” Journal of American Indian Education 39(3) (2000): 19-35. Print.
Bevelander, Pieter and Raymond Taras. The Twilight of Multiculturalism? Findings from across Europe / Challenging Multiculturalism. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2013. Print.
Bibik, Nadiia. Competency Approach in Modern Education: World Experience and Ukrainian Perspectives: Library for Educational Policy. Kyiv: K.I.S. Print, 2004.
Biles, John. The Government of Canada’s Multiculralism Program: Key to Canada’s Inclusion Refelex? / Multiculturalism Question. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2014. Print.
Bouchard, Gérard. Interculturalism: A View from Quebec. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2015. Print.
Buckingham, Patrick. Death of the West. Moscow: AST. Print, 2003.
Coello, Laura. Significant difference? A comparative analysis of multicultural policies in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2010. Print.
Dalib, Syarizan, Minah Harun, Norhafezah Yusof and Mohd Khairie Ahmad. “Experiencing the Other: Students’ Construal of Intercultural Competence.” The Journal of Social Sciences Research 6 (2018): 254-259. Print.
Egorov, Dmitriy and Azat Idiatullov. “Transformation of Traditional Culture (Case Study: Municipal Areas of Ulyanovsk Region, Russia).” The Journal of Social Sciences Research 4 (2018): 203-220. Print.
Fromm, Erich. Healthy Society. Dogma about Christ. Moscow: AST Transitkniga, 2005. Print.
Habermas, Jürgen. Moral Creation and Communicative Action. Moscow: Nauka, 2000. Print.
Hansen, Randall. Assimilation by stealth why Canada’s multicultural policy is really a repackaged integration policy / Multiculturalism Question. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2014. Print.
Hawkins, Freda. Critical Years in Immigration Canada and Australia Compared. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1991. Print.
Hebert, Yvonne. “Youth in Plural Cities, Multiculturalism and Citizenship: Policy Challenges and Opportunities.” Foro de Education 14(20) (2016): 199-230. Print.
Korostelina, Karina. History education in the formation of social identity: toward a culture of peace. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013. Print.
Kremen, Vasyl. Phylosophy of the National Idea. Person, Education, Society. Kyiv: Hramota, 2007. Print.
Kutilova, Larisa. “Problems of Ukrainian Transmigrations and Ethnocultural Transformations in Ukrainian Environment in Near-Enisey Siberia in the Studies of the Historians of Krasnoyarskin the Second Half of the 20th – beginning of the 21st centuries.” Bulletin of the Tomsk State University. History, 1(39) (2016): 89-96. Print.
Lee, Jason. Nazism and Neo-Nazism in Film and Media. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2018. Print.
Levey, Geoffrey. Multiculturalism and Australian National Identity / Political Theory and Australian Multiculturalism. New York: Berghahn Books, 2008. Print.
Lundsgaarde, Erik. Explaining Globalization Scepticism. Copenhagen: DIIS, 2018. Print.
Lysenko, Nelli. Training of Future Educators for Work with Children in the Post-Cultural Environment / Cultural and Historical Heritage of Poland in Ukraine as a Factor of the Development of Postcultural Education. Khmelnytskyi: Zakolodny M.I., 2011. Print.
Marcuse, Herbert. One-Dimension Person. Moscow: Refl-book, 1994. Print.
Meer, Nasar and Tariq Modood. The ‘Civic Re-balancing’ of British Multiculturalism, and Beyond / Challenging Multiculturalism. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2013. Print.
Modood, Tariq. Rethinking Multiculturalism, Interculturalisms and the Majority / Multiculturalism Rethought. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2015. Print.
Murgescu, Mirela. “The history of minorities in the Romanian school system Curricula and textbooks in the late 1990s.” Internationale Schulbuchforschung 23(2) (2001): 225-242. Print.
Musteaţă, Sergiu. About Us and Our Neighbours: History Textbooks in the Republic of Moldova, Romania and Ukraine. Braunschweig: Georg Eckert Institute, 2017. Print.
Muzafarova, Nailya, Nargis Bagmanova and Albina Zabolotskaya. “Intercultural Communication as a Basis for Continuous Multicultural Education.” The Journal of Social Sciences Research 1 (2018): 544-547. Print.
Pal, Leslie. Interests of State the Politics of Language, Multiculturalism, and Feminism in Canada. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1993. Print.
Popovska, Biljana. “The Role of Teaching History for a Nation-Building Process in a Post-Conflict Society. The Case of Macedonia.” Connections 12(1) (2012): 51-64. Print.
Potebnya, Aleksandr. Symbol and Myth in the Popular Culture. Moscow: Labirint, 2000. Print.
Rastas, Anna. Ethnic Identities and Transnational Subjectivities / Multiple Identities. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2013. Print.
Saukh, Petro. “Phylosophy and Methodology of the Strategy of Polycultural Education.” Bulletin of the Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University 1 (2016): 5-9. Print.
Seglow, Jonathan. Multiculturalism / Political concepts. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2003. Print.
Stelmakhovych, Myroslav. Ukrainian folk pedagogy. Kyiv: IZMN, 1997. Print.
Strikha, Maksym. Ukrainian-Style Multyculturalism: Attempt to “outstrip without catching up”. Kyiv: Criticism-Comments, 2003. Print.
Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada. Canada’s residential schools: the final report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2015. Print.

Autor: Paul Brusanowski
Email: pbrusan@yahoo.de

The Chronology of the Union of Bukovina with Romania

During the dissolution of Habsburg Austria, the Ukrainians organized a National Assembly in Lviv on October 19 and declared the establishment of the Ukrainian state, stretching from the San River in the west (today, in south-eastern Poland) to the Siret River in the east (thus including the northern half of Bukovina).
The Romanians in Bukovina held a Constituent Assembly on October 27 and decided the unification of the whole Bukovina with Romania. On November 1, 1918, the Ukrainians organized a coup d’état and took over Eastern Galicia, and on November 6, the city of Chernivtsi.
Upon the request of the Romanian Constituent Assembly, the Romanian Royal Army entered Bukovina, and on November 12, occupied the city of Chernivtsi, from which the Ukrainian soldiers and officials had fled. The Romanian National Council, established by the Constituent Assembly, took over the power in Bukovina, issued a new constitution of the country and instituted a Romanian government in Bukovina.
On November 28, the Romanian government organized a Congress of all the inhabitants of Bukovina, which proclaimed the union of the province with Romania. The German and the Polish inhabitants of the province officially attended the Congress and sanctioned the union; the Jewish community boycotted the Congress, while only 13 unofficial representatives of the Ukrainian community from several Ruthenian villages participated. On November 30, prayers of thanksgiving were offered in the Catholic, Evangelical and Orthodox cathedrals, as well as in a synagogue in Chernivtsi.

Keywords: Bukovina, Romania, Iancu Flondor, Aurel Onciul, Wassiklo, the Bukovina Congress, Stanislav Kwiatkowski, Alois Lebouton, Viktor Glondys.

Glassl, Horst, Das österreichische Einrichtungswerk in Galizien (1772-1790), Hassarowitz, Wiesbaden 1975.
Iacobescu, Mihai, Din istoria Bucovinei. I (1774-1862). De la administrația militară la autonomia provincială [From the History of Bukovina I (1774-1862). From the Military Administration to the Provincial Autonomy], Ed. Academiei Române, București, 1993.
Nistor, Ion, Românii și rutenii în Bucovina. Studiu istoric și statistic [The Romanians and the ruteni in Bukovina. Historical and Statistical Study], București, Librăriile Socec & Comp., 1915.
Hauslaitner, Mariana, Die Rumänisierung der Bukowina. Die Durchsetzung des nationalstaatlichen Anspruchs Grossrumäniens. 1918-1944, München 2001.
Kotzian, Ortfried, Die Umsiedler. Die Deutschen aus West-Wolhynien, Galizien, der Bukowina, Bessarabien, der Dobrudscha und in der Karpatenukraine (= Studienbuchreihe der Stiftung Ostdeutscher Kulturrat 11), ed. Langen Müller, München 2005.
Prokopowitsch, Emil, Die rumänische Nationalbewegung in der Bukowina und der Dako-Romanismus. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des Nationalitätenkampfes in Österreich-Ungarn, Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Nachf., Graz-Köln, 1965.
Păcurariu, Mircea, Istoria Bisericii Ortodoxe Române, vol. III [The History of the Romanian Orthodox Church, vol.III], Iași, 2008.
Magocsi, Paul Robert, History of Ukraine – 2nd, Revised Edition: The Land and Its Peoples, University of Toronto Press. Kindle-Version, poz. 11433.

Autor: Aurel DRAGOTĂ
Email: aurel.dragota@ulbsibiu.ro

Bird Offerings In Tenth-Eleventh Century Necropolises From Alba-Iulia

This article focuses on the bird offering identified during the archaeological researches made in the last decades in the cemeteries from Alba Iulia (Brândușei Street/Str. Brândușei, Salvation Station/Stația de Salvare, Emperor’s Spring/Izvorul Împăratului, Hunters’ Street/ Str. Vânătorilor, Pîclișa- At the Springs/Pîclișa-„La Izvoare”). This custom, common particularly in the inhumation graves from the 10th century, is represented by the bird’s skeleton or by the eggs remains (chicken, duck), laid between one to three copies, in different anatomical regions of the body. Regarding the bird skeleton, we mention two special situations in which we have a combination of two chickens and a cock (Salvation Station/M. 500), or a combination of one chicken and equine skeleton (Emperor’s Spring/ M. 78). Another interesting association was identified in a warrior grave from Emperor’s Spring(M. 165), where the equine offering was combined with an egg offering.
Concerning the egg offering (chicken, duck), it is imposed a perspective with two interpretations: rebirth/ the beginning of a new life or as a food appendage. The egg shells were identified both in children graves (simple/ fitted out with stone) and in adults graves (women and men), depending on the necropolis’s characteristics. Sometimes, the egg remains were found near a ceramic pot (Emperor’s Spring/M. 154, M. 156, M. 161, M. 222; Salvation Street/ M. 378, M. 494, M. 496, M. 624; Pîclișa/ M. 30, M. 33) or within it (Brândușei Street/ M. 15, Museikon).
From afar, the most interesting particular situation can be observed in the necropolis from Emperor’s Spring, were most of the graves with bird offering bear the mark of Christian tradition. Furthermore, compared to the number of graves from the necropolis, this custom definitely stands out at Emperor’s Spring, necropolis that is synchronous with the Byzantine church uncovered at Alba Iulia in 2011. In some cases, the presence of two or three eggs could be correlated with a food offering, but in other cases, in connection with a certain anatomical area (on the left or on the right side of the body), it could be correlated with the gender of the one buried. At Emperor’s Spring, (M. 113, M. 126), we have the only casesfrom all Alba Iulia’s necropolises in which we encounter as an offering duck eggs. In some graves with egg offering, were discovered traces (more or less consistent) of coal (Emperor’s Spring/M. 161, M. 165), making clear that the custom existed during the 10th century, but that it disappeared in the next century, as the Christianity was reactivated.
The graves with egg offering have a diversified funeral inventory, composed of ceramic pots, jewelry (looped rings, necklaces, beads), everyday tools and weaponry (knives, arrow heads, quiver, battle axe). Both at Emperor’s Spring and Salvation Station, can be observed graves with sparse egg offering and some situations in which the eggs are grouped.
With one or at most two exceptions (Salvation Station/M. 624?, Hunters’ Street/M. 198), all the situations considered can be dated, without any trouble, in the second half of the 10th century and can be correlated with the period when the transition from paganism to Christianity was made, occurred as a consequence of Gyla/Gylas’s, baptism in Constantinople and bringing the Byzantine mission conducted by Hierotheus at Alba Iulia.

Keywords: Alba Iulia, Transylvania, suite, offering, bird, eggs, Christianity, paganism

Apulum – Acta Musei Apulensis, Alba Iulia.
ArchRozhl – Archeologické Rozhledy, Praga.
CCA- Cronica Cercetărilor Arheologice.
Transilvania – Transilvania. Revistă editată de Complexul Național Muzeal Astra din Sibiu, Sibiu.
Ziridava- Complexul Muzeal din Arad.
Aga, Victor. Simbolica biblică și creștină. Dicționar enciclopedic (cu istorie, tradiții, legende, folclor), Editura „Învierea”, Arhiepiscopia Timișoarei, 2005.
Blăjan, M., Popa, Al. Cercetările arheologice de la Alba Iulia – „ Staţia de Salvare”. În: MCA XV, 1983, 375 – 380.
T. Chobanov, Proto-Bulgaria Burial Rituals withs Eggs, în: Eureka. In honorem Ludmilae Donchevae-Petkovae, Sofia, 2009, p. 301-305.
Dragotă, A., Rustoiu, G. T., Drîmbărean, M., Deleanu, V., Oţa, S., Necropola medieval timpurie de la Alba Iulia – Str. Brînduşei. Cercetările arheologice din anii 1997-2008, Editura Altip, Alba Iulia, 2009.
Dragotă, A., Deleanu, V., Rustoiu, G. T., Drâmbărean, M., Tomegea, G., Matiş, A., studenţi şi masteranzi ULB Sibiu: Iuliana Cindrea, Robert Molnar, Marius Vîrtic, Damaris Mailat, Alina-Eleonora Bâscă, Victor Cîmpean, Robert Andrei Pop, Dalina-Marinela Puşcaş, Alexandru Brad, Petru-Aurel Boca, Mihai-Adrian Firoiu, Ovidiu- Georgian Rizea, Iulian Praţa, Dana Bărbos, Alba Iulia, jud. Alba. Pîclișa- La Izvoare. Cod sit: 1062. 01. În: CCA – Campania 2012, A XLVII-a Sesiune Națională de Rapoarte Arheologice Craiova, 27 -30 mai 2013, p. 147.
Dragotă, A. Eggs as Offerings in Tenth-Eleventh Century Necropolises. În: Ziridava XII/2014, p. 183-192.
Dragotă, A. Egg offering in the burial ground from Izvorul Împăratului, Alba Iulia (10th – 11th centuries). În: Archaeology, Architecture and Informatics. ArhIn I. Medieval Changing Landscape. Settlements, Monasteries and Fortifications, coordonatori Ioan M. Țiplic; Maria Crîngaci Țiplic, Editura Astra Museum, Sibiu, 2016, p. 7-15.
Dragotă, A. Suita militară din necropola de la Alba Iulia-Izvorul Împăratului (sec. X)/The Military Suite from Alba Iulia-Emperor’s Spring’s Necropolis. În: Transilvania 8/2018, p. 70-81.
Dragotă, A., Blăjan, M. The Military Entourage of Gyula as shown by the burial place in Alba Iulia-Izvorul Împăratului (10 th-11 th century). În: Apulum. Series Archaeologica et Anthropologica, LV/2018, p. 259-323.
Drâmbărean, M., Rodean, N., Gligor, A. Alba Iulia- Str. Brînduşei. În : CCA XXXIII, 1998, p. 3sq.
Drâmbărean, M., Rodean, N., Gligor, A., Moga, V., Anghel, D. O nouă necropolă medieval timpurie descoperită la Alba Iulia. În : Apulum XXXV, 1998, p. 187-205.
Evseev, Ivan. Dicționar de magie, demonologie și mitologie românească, Editura Amarcord, Timișoara, 1998.
Florescu, Cristian T., Ota, R. Un mormânt din secolul X descoperit în incinta fostului castru roman de la Apulum. În: Apulum 2016, p. 245-253.
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Talos, Ion. Gândirea magico-religioasă la români. Dicționar, Editura Enciclopedică, București, 2001.

Autor: Radu VANCU
Email: rvancu@gmail.com

Daniel Șandru. The Assurance that Good Exists

The article reviews Daniel Șandru’s recent collection of political studies, Maladiile postcomuniste – on the one hand, an extended manifesto in favor of liberal thought; on the other hand, a collectory of the pathological symptoms and diseases of Romanian political life after 1990 and until 2019. For Șandru, the root of all political deviations lies in populism, the central pathology of democracy, with all its baroque hypostases; denouncing „the seduction of Syracuse”, as Mark Lilla calls it, as well as the temptations of what the same philosopher names „the reckless mind”, Daniel Șandru is against all „political religions” (Eric Voegelin) and their peculiar demonologies. Given the systematic continuity of his political thought, always consistent disregarding the topic it discusses, Șandru’s book is a solid proof that „truth is what continues”, in Camus’s words – and that truth ostensibly exists.

Keywords: Eastern Europe post-communism, contemporary Romanian politics, populism, liberalism, Mark Lilla, Daniel Șandru

Daniel Șandru, Maladii postcomuniste, Iași, Editura Junimea, 2019

Studii culturale

Biblioteconomie

Științele limbii

Autor: Réka INCZE (KUTASI)
Email: ktsreka@yahoo.com

Pragmatic Markers in Non-Fluent Aphasic Speech

Aphasia is a complex communication disorder that affects thousands of people every year. This is among the most alarming post-stroke cognitive impairments that may affect one or more language levels, but not the intelligence of the patients. People affected know exactly what they want to say, but they may have difficulties in expressing their ideas. The emphasis of linguistic elements, verbal or non-verbal pragmatic markers within the conversational act facilitates the decoding of the message and its interpretation, transmitted through speech by the speaker, in this case the aphasic patient.

Keywords: aphasia, language disorder, pragmatic markers, verbal and nonverbal markers.

Cărăuşu, Hoarţă, Luminiţa, Elemente de analiză a structurii conversaţiei (Analysis elements of conversation structure), Iaşi, Editura CERMI, 2003.
Ciocîrlan, Alexandra, Drăgulescu, Radu, Distorsionări ale comunicării. Cercetări de psiholingvistică (Communication Distortions. Psycholinguistic research), Cluj Napoca, Casa Cărții de Știință, 2013.
Dascal, Marcelo, Leibniz- Language, Signs and Thought: A collection of essays, Amsterdam, John Benjamins Publishing House, 1987, p. IX.
de Roo, Estrella, Maria, Agrammatic grammar: Functional Categories in Agrammatic Speech, Hague, Theseus, 1999.
Drăgulescu, Radu, Psycholinguistic and neurolinguistic approaches on communicational distorsions, The Proceedings of the International Conference Globalization, Intercultural Dialogue and National Identity. Section: Language and Discourse, ed. Iulian Boldea, Tîrgu-Mureş, Arhipelag XXI, 1, 2014, p. 95-109.
Fraser, Bruce, Pragmatic Markers, în Pragmatics, vol. 6:2, 1996.
Ionescu-Ruxăndoiu, Liliana, Conversația. Structuri și strategii. Sugestii pentru o pragmatic a românei vorbite (Conversation, structures and strategies. Suggestions for a pragmatism of spoken Romanian), ediția a-II-a, București, 1999.
Zafiu, Rodica, Evoluţia adverbelor de timp atunci, acum, apoi către statutul de mărci discursive (Evolution of the adverbs of time, then, now, afterwards to the status of discursive markers), în Rodica Zafiu, Gabriela Stoica, Mihaela N. Constantinescu (eds.), Limba română. Teme actuale. Actele celui de-al 8-lea Colocviu al Catedrei de limba română, Bucureşti, Editura Universităţii din Bucureşti, 2009, p. 779-793.

Științele economice

Antropologie. Studii filozofice

Teologie

Studii literare

Autor: Ștefan BAGHIU; Vlad POJOGA
Email: stefan.baghiu@ulbsibiu.ro

Literary Theory, History and Criticism in Recent Studies (I):

Teodora Dumitru and the Revisiting of Modernism

This article introduces the debate over Teodora Dumitru’s most recent work on Romanian modernism and its connections to the European definitions of the concept. Baghiu and Pojoga argue that there is a shift in Romanian literary criticism that needs to be brought forward in as many ways as possible, so that the new tendencies in literary research get more and more engagement in scholarly approaches. Such an outcome would provide a framework for the redefining of local literary history in connection to the transnational dimension of contemporary theory.

Keywords: Romanian Modernism, Teodora Dumitru, E. Lovinescu, contemporary literary studies

Cordoș, Sanda, Literatura între revoluție și reacțiune: problema crizei în literatura română și rusă a secolului XX [Literature between Revolution and Reaction: the Topic of Crisis in Romanian and Russian Literature of the 20th Century], Biblioteca Apostrof, Cluj-Napoca, 2002.
Dinsman, Melissa, interviu cu Franco Moretti, The Digital Humanities: An Interview with Franco Moretti, în LA Review of Books, 2 martie 2016: https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/the-digital-in-the-humanities-an-interview-with-franco-moretti/, accesat la 01.07.2019.
Dumitru, Teodora, Modernitatea politică și literară în gândirea lui E. Lovinescu [The Political and Literary Modernity in the E. Lovinescu’s Thinking], Editura Muzeul Național al Literaturii Române, București, 2016.
Dumitru, Teodora, Sindromul evoluționist. Teoria genurilor, tradiția gândirii categoriale și conceptul de evoluție a literaturii în critica și istoria literară românească din prima jumătate a secolului al XX-lea [The Evolutionist Syndrome. Genre Theory, the Tradition of Categorical Thinking and the Concept of Evolution of Literature in Romanian Literary Criticism and History from the first half of the 20th Century], București, Academia Română, 2013.
Gârdan, Daiana „Dinamica ideologiilor literare în modernitatea românească. Recitiri contemporane”, în Revista Transilvania, nr. 7, 2019, p. 5-12.
Goldiș, Alex, Critica în tranșee. De la realismul socialist la autonomia esteticului [Criticism in Entrenchments. From Socialist Realism to the Autonomy of the Aesthetic], Cartea Românescă, București, 2011.
Martin, Mircea, Christian Moraru, Andrei Terian (eds.), Romanian Literature as World Literature, Bloomsbury, New York, 2018.
Mîrț, Andreea „«Cercurile vicioase» ale modernității lovinesciene”, în Revista Transilvania, nr. 7, 2019, p. 13-15.
Modoc, Emanuel „Câteva revizitări ale conceptelor de modernism și avangardă în discursul critic și istoriografic contemporan”, în Revista Transilvania, nr. 7, 2019, p. 16-21.
Modoc, Emanuel, Ștefan Baghiu, „New Paradigms in Contemporary Romanian Literary Studies (I)”, în Revista Transilvania, nr. 5-6, 2019, p.13-15.
Olaru, Ovio, „What is Digital Humanities and What’s It Doing to Romanian Departments”, în Revista Transilvania, nr.5-6, 2019, p. 30-37.
Sass, Maria, Ștefan Baghiu, Vlad Pojoga (eds.), The Culture of Translation in Romania / Übersetzungskultur und Literaturübersetzen in Rumänien, Peter Lang, Berlin, 2018.
Stan, Adriana, Bastionul lingvistic. O istorie comparată a structuralismului în România [The Linguistic Rampart. A Comparative History of Structuralism in Romania], Editura Muzeul Național al Literaturii Române, București, 2017.
Terian, Andrei, Critica de export [Criticism for Export], Editura Muzeul Național al Literaturii Române, București, 2013.
Terian, Andrei, G. Călinescu. A cincea esență [G. Călinescu. The Fifth Essence], Cartea Românească, București, 2009.
Ursa, Mihaela, „Is Romanian Culture Ready for the Digital Turn?” în Metacritic Journal for Comparative Studies and Theory, nr. 1, 2015, p. 80-97.

Autor: Daiana GÂRDAN
Email: alexandra.gardan@gmail.com

The Dynamics of Literary Ideologies in Romanian Modernity. Contemporary Re-readings

My paper aims to investigate if and how the theoretical assumptions and the ideological discourse of the Romanian literary historian and cultural figure E. Lovinescu can still be read and interpreted within contemporary, transnational frames and with new methodological tools. I propose for this study to discuss a couple of volumes, each one engaging in a different kind of approach to E. Lovinescu’s impact on the Romanian cultural field, in order to test the viability of his theories, especially from a sociological and political point of view. The goal of my paper shall be to open a discussion on the ongoing role that canonical literary historians such as E. Lovinescu have on how we study, to date, Romanian literature, while also framing the rather unknown faces of socio-political discourse that this particular cultural figure has proposed over the time, aiming to present how they shaped the circulation of foreign ideologies and literary formulas.

Keywords: E. Lovinescu, G. Ibrăileanu, Modernity, Antimodernity, Literary Modernism

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Călinescu, Matei, Cinci fețe ale modernității: modernism, avangardă, decadență, kitsch, postmodernism, Iași, Polirom, 2017.
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Kuhn, Thomas, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, University of Chicago Press, 1962.
López-Pellisa, Teresa (ed.), The History of Science-Fiction in the Spanish Culture [Historia de la ciencia ficción en la cultura española], Madrid, La Casa de la Riqueza: Iberoamericana, 2018.
Moretti, Franco, Conjectures on World Literature, New Left Review, 1 ian 2000, p. 54-68, idem, The slaughterhouse of literature, Duke University Press, Modern Language Quarterly, 1/61, martie 2000, p. 207-227.
Moretti, Franco, The Bourgeois. Between History and Literature, Verso, Londra/New York, 2013.
Samaddar, Ranabir, Karl Marx and the Postcolonial Age, Palgrave Macmillan, 2018.
Soare, Oana, Ceilalți moderni, antimodernii. Cazul românesc, Muzeul Literaturii Române, București, 2017.
Tudurachi, Ligia, Grup sburător. Trăitul și scrisul împreună în cenaclul lui E. Lovinescu, Editura Universității de Vest, Timișoara, 2019.Aderca, Felix, Contribuții critice, Minerva, București, 1988.
Călinescu, Matei, Cinci fețe ale modernității: modernism, avangardă, decadență, kitsch, postmodernism, Iași, Polirom, 2017.
Damrosch, David, World Literature in a Postcanonical, Hypercanonical Age, în Haun Saussy (ed.), Comparative Literature in the Age of Globalization, The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 2006, p. 43-53.
Dumitru, Teodora, Modernitatea politică și literară în gândirea lui E. Lovinescu, București, Muzeul Literaturii Române, 2016.
Dumitru, Teodora, Sindromul evoluționist. Teoria genurilor, tradiția gândirii categoriale și conceptul de evoluție a literaturii în critica și istoria literară românească din prima jumătate a secolului al XX‐lea, Academia Română, 2013.
Ibrăileanu, G., Opere, vol. II, Ediție critică îngrijită de Rodica Rotaru și Alexandru Piru, Minerva, București, 1974.
Kuhn, Thomas, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, University of Chicago Press, 1962.
López-Pellisa, Teresa (ed.), The History of Science-Fiction in the Spanish Culture [Historia de la ciencia ficción en la cultura española], Madrid, La Casa de la Riqueza: Iberoamericana, 2018.
Moretti, Franco, Conjectures on World Literature, New Left Review, 1 ian 2000, p. 54-68, idem, The slaughterhouse of literature, Duke University Press, Modern Language Quarterly, 1/61, martie 2000, p. 207-227.
Moretti, Franco, The Bourgeois. Between History and Literature, Verso, Londra/New York, 2013.
Samaddar, Ranabir, Karl Marx and the Postcolonial Age, Palgrave Macmillan, 2018.
Soare, Oana, Ceilalți moderni, antimodernii. Cazul românesc, Muzeul Literaturii Române, București, 2017.
Tudurachi, Ligia, Grup sburător. Trăitul și scrisul împreună în cenaclul lui E. Lovinescu, Editura Universității de Vest, Timișoara, 2019.

Autor: Andreea MÎRȚ
Email: andreea_mirt@yahoo.com

“The Vicious Circles” of Lovinescu’s Modernity

The aim of this paper is to analyze some aspects from Teodora Dumitru’s piece of work, Modernitatea politcă și literară în gândirea lui E. Lovinescu. The author questions and rethinks most of preconceptions and myths made around Lovinescu (such as the autonomy of the aesthetic). On the one hand, Dumitru analyzes the origins of his theory, the multiplicity of his influences and the strategies of his critical discourse. On the other hand, Dumitru manages to put into question the different ways in which the phenomenon of modernity was received in the international context.

Keywords: modernity, Romanian criticism, book review, E. Lovinescu, Teodora Dumitru.

Călinescu, Matei, Cinci feţe ale modernităţii. Modernism, avangardă, decadenţă, kitsch, postmodernism, traducere de Tatiana Pătrulescu şi Radu Ţurcanu, Editura Polirom, Iaşi, 2017.
Compagnon, Antoine, Antimodernii, traducere de Irina Mavrodin şi Adina Diniţoiu, prefaţă de Mircea Martin, Editura Art, Bucureşti, 2008.
Dumitru, Teodora, Modernitatea politică și literară în gândirea lui E. Lovinescu, Editura Muzeul literaturii române, București, 2016.
Moretti, Franco, The Bourgeois, Verso, London, New York, 2013.

Autor: Emanuel MODOC
Email: ermodoc@gmail.com

A Few Revisitations of the Concepts of Modernism and Avant-Garde in
Contemporary Critic and Historiographic Discourses

The study seeks to revisit the concepts of modernism and the avant-garde by exploring the historical framework underpinning the development of both a consciousness of modernity at the turn of the twentieth century and a metacritical use of the concepts in contemporary literary historiographies across Europe and North America. In order to address these aspects, I will first look at what I call “regional modernisms”, with their particularities within their own national literary systems, in order to trace the beginnings of peripheral cultural perspectives on modernism; I will then investigate the relationship between modernism and the avant-garde as evidenced in mainstream European and American literary historiographies; finally, I will explore the internal relationship between modernism and the historical avant-garde, attempting to detect certain relational dynamics between the two movements. The purpose of my examination is not only to determine the unique nature of the avant-garde in the world literary system, but also to propose the idea that the development of modernism is closely linked to its contacts with the avant-garde.

Keywords: literary modernism, historical avant-garde, minor literatures, high modernism, modernity

Balázs, Imre József, Avangarda în literatura maghiară din România, Timișoara, Bastion, 2009.
Bradbury, Malcolm, McFarlane, James (Ed.), Modernism 1890-1930, New York, Penguin Books, 1976.
Călinescu, Matei, Cinci fețe ale modernității. Modernism, avangardă, decadență, kitsch, postmodernism, Iași, Polirom, 2017.
Cianci, Giovanni (Ed.), Modernismo/Modernismi. Dall’avanguardia storica agli anni Trenta e oltre, Milano: Principato, 1991.
Czigány, Lóránt, The Oxford History of Hungarian Literature, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1984.
Davidson, Ned J., The Concept of Modernism in Hispanic Criticism, Boulder, Pruett Press, 1966.
Dumitru, Teodora, Modernitatea politică și literară în gândirea lui E. Lovinescu, București, Muzeul Literaturii Române, 2016.
Dumitru, Teodora, Rețeaua modernităților. Paul de Man – Matei Călinescu – Antoine Compagnon, București, Muzeul Literaturii Române, 2016.
Eysteinsson, Astradur, Liska, Vivian (Ed.), Modernism, Amsterdam, John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2007.
Huyssen, Andreas, After the Great Divide. Modernism, Mass Culture, Postmodernism, Bloomington and Indianapolis, Indiana University Press, 1986.
Lovinescu, E., Istoria literaturii române contemporane 1900-1937, București, Editura Socec & Co., 1938.
Poggioli, Renato, The Theory of the Avant-Garde, translated from the Italian by Gerald Fitzgerald, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 1968.
Puchner, Martin, Poetry of the Revolution. Marx, Manifestos, and the Avant-Gardes, Princeton and Oxford, Princeton University Press, 2006.
Travers, Martin, An Introduction to Modern European Literature: From Romanticism to Postmodernism, London, Houndmills, 1998.
Ungureanu, Delia, From Paris to Tlön. Surrealism as World Literature, New York, Bloomsbury, 2017.
Weisgerber, Jean (Ed.), Les avant-gardes littéraires au XXe siécle, vol. I-II, Budapest, Akadémiai Kiadó, 1984.

Autor: Dumitra BARON
Email: dumitra.baron@ulbsibiu.ro

Islands of Memories – the poetics of trace in Theo of the Rivers by Jean Marc Turine –

The article focuses on the analysis of various aspects concerning the poetics of trace in the novel La Théo des Fleuves (2017) of the Belgian writer Jean Marc Turine. Starting from Paul Ricœur’s considerations regarding the mechanisms of rendering history and of creating memory in order to avoid forgetting, we will identify the main literary strategies that make possible the presentation of the unspeakable, taking into account that the novel covers the tragedies of the XXth century experienced by the Eastern European Gypsies. We will also discuss the intertextual character of the novel, the metaphor of the double as a recurrent element of constructing memories in a fragmentary way.

Keywords: Jean-Marc Turine, trace, remembering, forgetting, transmission, fiction.

Bachelard, Gaston, L’eau et les rêves – essai sur l’imagination de la matière [Water and Dreams], Paris, José Corti, 1942.
Bragantini, Attilio, «Identité personnelle et narration chez Paul Ricœur et Hannah Arendt », in Lo Sguardo, « Paul Ricœur: Intersezioni », no 12, 2013 (II), p. 135-149.
Derrida, Jacques, «Circonfession», in Geoffrey Bennington et Jacques Derrida, Jacques Derrida, Paris, Seuil, 1991.
Gefen, Alexandre, Réparer le monde. La Littérature française face au XXIe siècle [Fixing the World. French Literature Facing the 21st Century], Paris, Éditions Corti, 2017.
Greisch, Jean, « Trace et oubli : entre la menace de l’effacement et l’insistance de l’ineffaçable », in Diogène, n° 201, 2003/1, p. 82-106. URL : https://www.cairn.info/revue-diogene-2003-1-page-82.htm.
Ricœur, Paul, La Mémoire, l’histoire, l’oubli [Memory, History, Forgetting], Paris, Seuil, 2000.
Ricœur, Paul, « La vie: un récit en quête de narrateur », in Écrits et conférences I. Autour de la psychanalyse [Writings and Lectures I. On Psychoanalysis] (Textes rassemblés et préparés par Catherine Goldenstein et Jean-Louis Schlegel avec le concours de Mireille Delbraccio), Paris, Seuil, 2008.
Turine, Jean-Marc, La Théo des fleuves [Theo of the Rivers], Noville-sur-Mehaigne, Esperluète Éditions, 2017.

Autor: Anca MUREȘANU
Email: anca.muresanu@ulbsibiu.ro

A Space of Possibilities: Translating and Analyzing a Sample of Amintiri din copilărie by Ion Creangă

This paper aims at analyzing a translated fragment from Ion Creanga’s “Amintiri din Copilărie” (Memories of Childhood) using a stylistic approach. The stylistic analysis of a text goes beyond traditional or intuitive interpretation since it combines intuition and a comprehensive analysis of the text. Stylistic analysis is used as an analytical tool to discover textual patterns and their significance. Apart from providing an in-depth descriptive starting point for widely accepted interpretation of the novel, such analysis also recognizes significant features which might not have been noticed by critics. The central point of this study is to assess the stylistic features of the source text and to reveal the extent to which such features are maintained in the target language.

Keywords: stylistic analysis, style, translation, Ion Creangă

Primary sources:

Creangă, Ion. Amintiri din copilăie. Poveşti şi Povestiri. Memories of Childhood. Tales and Stories, Bucureşti, ed. Ion Creangă, 1984.

Secondary sources:

Cartianu, Ana. Memories of my Boyhood, Sibiu, ed. Polsib, 1996.
Iordan, Iorgu. Studiu introductiv la Ion Creangă./ Introductory Study to Ion Creangă, Bucureşti, ed. Ion Creangă, 1970.
Mihăilescu, Clementina. Stylistics. Sibiu, ed. Universitatii Lucian Blaga, 2013.
Tohăneanu, Gheorghe I. Stilul artistic al lui Ion Creangă/ The Artistic Style of Ion Creangă, Bucureşti, ed. Ştiinţfică, 1969.
Weixiang, He. The Style of Literary Works in Translation, în Perspectives. Studies in Translation Theory and Practice, vol.4, issue 1, pag. 137-144.

Autor: Cătălina RĂDESCU
Email: catalina.radescu@ulbsibiu.ro

The Prose of M. Blecher and Hortensia Papadat-Bengescu: Between Augmented Experience and Fiction. I: Illusion and Hyperaesthesia

The present research approaches comparatively the development of somatic-psychological frailties in the fictions of M. Blecher and Hortensia Papadat-Bengescu and explains—by referencing medical treatises—the ways in which illness, be it psychological or physical, bridges the relationship between characters and their external and internal worlds. Identifying a doubly determined link between disease and the personal and social conditions of its appearance and development, the study consists of two parts, with the current (the first one) focusing on two ways of individualizing the characters’ psychology, illusion and hyperaesthesia, trying to identify the behavioral and social mutations they determine.

Keywords: Romanian literature, Romanian prose, M. Blecher, Hortensia Papadat-Bengescu, pathologic behavior, biographical criticism.

Băicuș, Iulian, Max Blecher, un arlechin pe marginea neantului [Max Blecher, A Harlequin on the Verge of the Abyss], Editura Universității, București, 2004.
Blecher, M., Întâmplări în irealitatea imediată, Vizuina luminată [Adventures in Immediate Irreality, The Lit-Up Burrow], Art, București, 2011.
Blecher, M., Opere: Întâmplări în irealitatea imediată, Inimi cicatrizate, Vizuina luminată, Proză scurtă, Aforisme, Poezii, Traduceri, Publicistică, Scrisori, Arhivă, Documentar, Mărturii [Adventures in Immediate Irreality, Scarred Hearts, The Lit-Up Burrow, Short Prose, Aphorisms, Poetry, Translations, Articles, Letters, Archive, Documentary, Confessions], ed. Doris Mironescu, Editura Fundației Naționale pentru Știință și Artă, București, 2017.
Blecher, Max, Întâmplări în irealitatea imediată. Inimi cicatrizate [Adventures in Immediate Irreality. Scarred Hearts], Editura Corint, București, 2016.
Cioculescu, Șerban, Romanul d-nei H. Papadat-Bengescu [The Novel of Mrs. H. Papadat-Bengescu], în Revista Fundațiilor Regale, an V, nr. 11, 1 noiembrie 1938, reprodus în Hortensia Papadat-Bengescu, Concert din muzică de Bach – Trei romane [Bach Concert – Three Novels], Editura Minerva, București, 1975.
Holban, Anton, Hortensia Papadat-Bengescu, în Sburătorul, IV, nr. 10, 11-12, aprilie, mai-iunie, 1927, reprodus în Hortensia Papadat-Bengescu, Concert din muzică de Bach – Trei romane [Bach Concert – Three Novels], Editura Minerva, București, 1975.
Hristu, Nicoleta, De la proiecțiile fantasmatice la mitul personal în opera lui Max Blecher [From Phantomic Projections to Personal Myth in the Works of Max Blecher], în Meridian Critic, nr. 1, 2016, disponibil la adresa web: http://www.meridiancritic.usv.ro/uploads/docs/mc_1_2016/II.%20EXEGEZE/08.%20Nicoleta%20Hristu.pdf
Manolescu, Nicolae, Arca lui Noe [Noah’s Ark], Editura 1001 GRAMAR, București, 1998.
Mironescu, Doris, în dialog cu Mirela Nagâț, emisiunea Cooltura, 4 mai 2018.
Papadat-Bengescu, Hortensia, Concert din muzică de Bach – Trei romane [Bach Concert – Three Novels], Editura Minerva, București, 1975.
Papadat-Bengescu, Hortensia, Concert din muzică de Bach – Trei romane [Bach Concert – Three Novels], Ed. Minerva, București, 1975.
Pojoga, Vlad, Poezia lui M. Blecher. Context cultural, apariție, receptare, date macro [M. Blecher’s Poetry. Cultural Context, Publishing, Reception, Macro Data], în Revista Transilvania, nr. 6, 2016, p. 22-27.
Sebastian, Mihail, Drumul ascuns [The Hidden Road], în România literară, 4 iunie 1932, reprodus în Hortensia Papadat-Bengescu, Concert din muzică de Bach – Trei romane [Bach Concert – Three Novels], Editura Minerva, București, 1975.
Tudose, Florin, Cătălina Tudose, Letiția Dobranici, Tratat de psihopatologie și psihiatrie pentru psihologi [Psychopathology and Psychiatry Treatise for Psychologists], Editura Trei, București, 2011.
Tudor, Eugenia, Prefață la romane (vol I-II), ed. îngrijită de Gheorghe Radu, București, Editura pentru Literatură, 1966, reprodus în Hortensia Papadat-Bengescu, Concert din muzică de Bach – Trei romane [Bach Concert – Three Novels], Editura Minerva, București, 1975.

Autor: Nicoleta IFRIM
Email: nicodasca@yahoo.com

Textual Reflections of the Critical Profile. From the Aesthetic Goal to the Recuperator Act

Our paper is focused on Andrei Grigor’s book, published by Lucian Chișu after the author’s passing away and its mirror-like strategies by means of which the double-faceted identity is depicted: the ‘ego-graphical identity’ and the ‘ideo-graphic’ one – both of them in the use of the critical discourse mirroring the post-1989 Romanian literature and its torments.

Keywords: critical discourse, autobiographic traits, post-1989 Romanian literature, Andrei Grigor.

Camilleri et al., Stratégies identitaires, PUF, Paris, 1990.
Colonna, Vincent, L’ Autofiction. Essai sur la fictionnalisation de soi en littérature, 1989 [online], teză de doctorat, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, disponibilă la adresa https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006609/document [data accesării 16 decembrie 2018].
Compagnon, Antoine, Le démon de la théorie. Littérature et sens commun, Seuil, Paris, 1998.
Grigor, Andrei, Poiana lui Iocan / Iocan’s Meadow, Editura SemnE, București, 2018.
Hannoun, Hubert, L’intégration des cultures, L’Harmattan, Paris, 2004.
Kaufmann, Jean-Claude, Ego. Pour une sociologie de l’individu, Armand Colin, Paris, 2004.
Kaufmann, Jean-Claude, L’invention de soi. Une théorie de l’identité Armand Colin, Paris, 2004.
Simion, Eugen, În ariergarda Avangardei. Convorbiri cu Andrei Grigor / In the Rear-Guard of Avant-garde, Ed.Curtea Veche, București, 2012.
Verbunt, Gilles, Penser et vivre l’interculturel, Chronique Sociale, Lyon, 2011.

Autor: Mădălina-Ioana COMAN
Email: madalinaioana.coman@yahoo.ro

The Hand that Corupts the Matter. Personal Poetics and the Exercise of Translation</pjustifyleft;”>The following paper aims to analye Nora Iuga’s translation of Paul Celan’s poems in terms of her personal poetics and the way in which certain changes are brought upon the translated poems. The analysis takes into consideration the original poems, but also George State’s translation, in order to place Nora Iuga’s version somewhere in-between. Nora Iuga’s version of Paul Celan’s poems is one that, even though not as loyal to their original form as State’s, manages to depict and convey their essence by creating an original poetry which is a blend of two different poetics.

Keywords: Nora Iuga, Paul Celan, poetics, translation, translating poetry, translation theory.

Benjamin, Walter. Iluminări / Illuminations. Editura Univers, București, 2001.
Celan, Paul, trad. Nora Iuga. Trandafirul nimănui / No One’s Rose. Editura EST, București, 2007.
Celan, Paul, trad. George State. Opera poetică (I) / Poetry (I). Editura Polirom, Iași, 2015.
Iuga, Nora. Spitalul manechinelor / Hospital of mannequins. Editura Casa de pariuri literare, București, 2010.

Autor: Iunis MINCULETE
Email: iunisminculete@yahoo.com

The Eroticisation of the Ecclesiastical: Nora Iuga and the Poetics of the Body

The aim of this study is to illustrate a peculiar mix that can be found in the poems of the Romanian writer Nora Iuga. The fusion between erotism and religion seems to be labelled as a controversial subject, but it stands as evidence of how the postmodernism was represented in Romanian poetry. Through its ironic and ludic aspect, the expected ”vulgarity” of the subject is tadesaded out. Nora Iuga dived into the most intimate areas of life and created an experimental poetry whose ingenuity and freshness enriched the feminine territory of the Romanian literature.

Keywords: neomodernism, postmodernism, religion, erotism, experimentalism, intimacy

Bârna, Nicolae, Leonid Dimov: cu un pas înainte fata de modernitate / Leonid Dimov: with a step ahead to modernity, Revista Cultura, Nr. din 12 octombrie 2011.
Cărtărescu, Mircea, Postmodernismul românesc / The Romanian Postmodernism, București, Humanitas, 1999.
Diaconu, Mircea A., Poezia postmodernă / The Postmodern Poetry, Brașov, Editura Aula, 2002.
Gîrmacea, Gabriela, Conversația cu Nora Iuga / Conversatios with Nora Iuga, București, Editura Tracus Arte, 2011.
Lefter, Ion Bogdan, Postmodernism – din dosarul unei „bătălii culturale” / Postmodernism – From the File of a Cultural Battle, Pitești, Paralela 45, 2012.
Manolescu, Nicolae, Istoria critică a literaturii române / The critical history of Romanian literature, Pitești, Editura Paralela 45, 2008.
Paz, Octavio, Children of the Mire- Modern Poetry from Romanticism to the Avant-Garde, Cluj-Napoca, Editura Casa Cărții de Știință, 2017.
Pop, Ion, Poezia românească neomodernistă / The Romanian neomodernist poetry, Școala Ardeleană, 2018.
Soviany, Octavian, Nora, București, Editura Casa de pariuri literare, 2018.

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