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1 / 2023

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Transilvania featured 1.2023
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Revista: 1 / 2023
Anul Publicarii:2023
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Științe socio-umane

Arte vizuale

Filozofie și studii sociale

Antropologie și etnologie

Sociologie

Științe politice & juridice

Istorie & Antropologie

Studii culturale

Revisiting the Uses of Nostalgia in Post-socialist Cinema: Radu Jude’s Cinema and Dialectical Images

Autor: Bogdan POPA
Email: claudia.negrea@ubbcluj.ro

Department of Literature and Cultural Studies, Transilvania University, Brașov

Abstract: Scholars of Romanian cinema (Parvulescu & Turcuș 2021) explored the topic of nostalgia in post-socialism, but they stopped short of analyzing why directors such as Radu Jude refuse to draw on a melancholic view of the past. Similarly, film critics (Gorzo & Lazăr 2022a; Ferencz-Flatz 2017) analyzed the importance of the Jude’s attunement to contemporary cultural forms, but they did not engage with his reluctance to discuss positive aspects of Romanian state socialism. By putting two apparent opposite readings of Radu Jude’s films in conversation, this article investigates Jude’s philosophical technique which I conceptualize as “the construction of a dialectical image”. I draw on films such as I do not care if we go down in history as barbarians (2018), Bad Luck Banging or Loony Porn (2021) and the short film The Potemkinists (2021) to distinguish between a dialectical and a nostalgic use of the socialist past. I concentrate on three main topics: Jude’s interest in capturing the materiality of the present, which he borrows from Siegfried Kracauer’s cinematic materialism; the differences between Walter Benjamin’s dialectics and Jude’s cinema; and the use of comedy in The Potemkinists. My article adds to previous work on Jude’s cinema (Parvulescu & Turcuș 2021; Gorzo & Lazăr 2022; Ferencz-Flatz 2018) a discussion about the uses of nostalgia in Romanian film, a subject that has not been discussed in relation to experimental and avantgarde productions.

Keywords: Radu Jude; Walter Benjamin; comedy; nostalgia; dialectics; socialism; film theory; Romanian films

Bardan, Alice. “Remembering Socialist Entertainment: Romanian Television, Gestures, and Intimacy.” European Journal of Cultural Studies 20, no. 3 (2017): 341-358.

Benjamin, Walter. “Left-Wing Melancholy (On Erich Kästner’s new book of poems).” Screen 15, no. 2 (1974).

Benjamin, Walter. “On the Concept of History.” In Selected Writings, vol. 4, edited by H. Eiland and M. W. Jennings, 389-401. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2003 [1940].

Benjamin, Walter. Selected Writings, vol. I, edited by Marcus Bullock and Michael Jennings. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard UP, 1996.

Benjamin, Walter. Selected Writings, vol. IV, edited by Marcus Bullock and Michael Jennings. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard UP, 2006.

Benjamin, Walter. Selected Writings, vol. III, edited by Marcus Bullock and Michael Jennings. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard UP, 2006.

Bontea, Adriana. “A Project in Its Context: Walter Benjamin on Comedy.” MLN 121, no. 5 (2006): 1041–71.

Brown, Wendy. “Resisting Left Melancholy.” boundary 2 26, no. 3 (1999): 19-27.

Ferencz-Flatz, Christian. Filmul ca situație socială: Eseuri fenomenologice [Film as Social Situation: Phenomenological Essays]. Cluj-Napoca: Tact, 2018.

Gorzo, Andrei, and Andrei State, eds. Politicile filmului [The Politics of Film]. Cluj-Napoca: Tact, 2014.

Gorzo, Andrei, and Veronica Lazăr. “‘…and Gypsies get many a beating…’: On the Significance of Radu Jude’s Aferim!.” Transilvania, no. 6-7 (2022): 1-11.

Gorzo, Andrei, and Veronica Lazăr. “An Updated Political Modernism: Radu Jude’s ‘I Do Not Care If We Go Down in History as Barbarians’.” Close Up 3, no. 1-2 (2019): 7-21.

Gorzo, Andrei, and Veronica Lazăr. “Radu Jude’s Montage Experiments with Documents of Oppression and Mass Murder.” Transilvania, no. 9 (2022): 1-14.

Gorzo, Andrei, and Veronica Lazăr. “The New Romanian Cinema and Beyond: The Films of Radu Jude.” Transilvania, 3, 2022a: 1-9.

Hansen, Miriam. “Introduction.” In Sigfried Kracauer, Theory of Film: The Redemption of Physical Reality. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997.

Jameson, Frederic. Political Unconscious: Narative as a Socially Symbolic Act. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1981.

Kracauer, Sigfried. The Mass Ornament: Weimar Essays. London UK: Harvard University Press, 1995.

Kracauer, Sigfried. Theory of Film: The Redemption of Physical Reality. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997.

Lukács, Georg. A defense of History and Class Consciousness. London and New York: Verso, 2000.

Marx, Karl. Early Writings. Introduced by Lucio Coletti. Translated by Rodney Livingstone and Gregor Benton. London: Penguin Books, 1992.

Mjolkeraen, Per Morten. “The Historical Gaze of Radu Jude.” Seventh Row, January 17, 2022. Online at https://seventh-row.com/2022/01/17/radu-jude-interview-bad-luck-banging-or-loony-porn/

Parvulescu, Constantin, and Claudiu Turcuș. “Afterlives of Romanian Socialist-Era Historical Film: Reruns, Story Universes, Reception.” Canadian Slavonic Papers 63, no. 1-2 (2021): 50-71.

Parvulescu, Constantin. “Faces of Nostalgia: The Performance of Dem Rădulescu in the BD Comedies as a Medium of Revisiting Romania’s Socialist Past.” In Comedy in the Balkans, edited by Marian Tutui.  Bucharest: Noi, 2014.

Parvulescu, Constantin. “Anticommunism, Neoliberalism, and the Rerunning of Socialist Era Films on Romanian Television.” NYU Jordan Center, April 22, 2022. Online at https://jordanrussiacenter.org/news/anticommunism-neoliberalism-and-the-rerunning-of-socialist-era-films-on-romanian-television/#.Y-oSoexBzPY.

Țion, Lucian. Pentru Prostie: Mic îndreptar de culturologie estică și cinema (post) socialist [For Stupidity: Small Reader of Eastern Culturology and Post-socialist Cinema]. Bucharest: Tritonic, 2022.

Traverso, Enzo. Left Wing Melancholia: Marxism, History and Memory. New York: Columbia University Press, 2016.

Žižek, Slavoj. “Georg Lukacs as the Philosopher of Leninism.” Postface to Georg Lukács, A Defense of History and Class Consciousness: Tailism and the Dialectic. London and New York: Verso 2000.

 

Surse ale melancoliei în cinema. Trăsături ale bovarismului în filmul Scurta întâlnire de David Lean

Autor: Claudia NEGREA
Email: claudia.negrea@ubbcluj.ro

Sources of Melancholy in Cinema: Features of Bovarysm in David Lean’s Brief Encounter

Abstract: The process of identifying sources and representations of melancholy in cinema implies exploring character typologies that present aspects or even clear symptoms of what is currently termed as melancholic depression or major depression disorder. David Lean’s Brief Encounter (1945), an adaptation of Noël Coward’s short play Still Life (1936), presents female melancholy as an inherent symptom of the bovaryc character. This paper analyzes aspects of melancholy studying the case of Lean’s main character, Laura, and relating it to the features of bovarysm, as theorized and exhaustively explored by French philosopher Jules de Gaultier in the essay Le Bovarysme (1892). To what extent is melancholy an inherent symptom of the bovaric character?

While exploring the ongoing psychological research on melancholy and depression, we find it difficult to determine whether the character suffers from major depression disorder, as it is impossible to ascertain the specific cause of their symptoms, especially if they relate to internal, neurobiological systems. The apparent cause of their unhappiness seems to be the result of their perception of romantic relationships and their surrounding reality that does not reflect this distortion. Consequently, the analysis mainly focuses on the detectable elements and activators of the protagonist’s melancholic disposition. 

Keywords: Bovarism, Gustave Flaubert, melancholy, Brief Encounter, David Lean, cinema, perspective

Bibliography

de Gaultier, Jules. Bovarismul. Eseuri de ieri și de azi [Bovarism: Essays]. Edited by Luca Pițu and Silviu Lupescu. Iași: Institutul European, 1993.

de la Roche, Catherine. A Director’s Approach to Filmmaking: David Lean. Script at British Film Institute Library, 1947.

Dyer, Richard. Brief Encounter. London: Palgrave, 2015.

Flaubert, Gustave. Doamna Bovary [Madame Bovary]. Translated by Demostene Botez. Bucharest: RAO International Publishing Company, 1995.

Freud, Sigmund. Psihologia inconștientului – Opere Esențiale, vol. 3 [The Psychology of the Unconscious: Essential Works]. Translated by Gilbert Lepădatu. Bucharest: Editura Trei, 2010.

Gray, Frances. Noël Coward. London: Macmillan, 1987.

Lant, Antonia Carolina. Blackout: Reinventing Women for Wartime British Cinema. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991.

Maines, Rachel P. The Technology of Orgasm. Hysteria, the Vibrator and Women’s Sexual Satisfaction. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.

Radden, Jennifer. Moody Minds Distempered: Essays on Melancholy and Depression. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.

Radden, Jennifer. The Nature of Melancholy: From Aristotle to Kristeva. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.

Śniedziewski, Piotr. The Melancholic Gaze. Berlin: Peter Lang, 2018.

Watts, C. A. H. The Incidence and Prognosis of Endogenous Depression. London: British Medical Journal, June 16, 1956.

Filmul despre și pentru copii în cinemaul stalinist din România

Autor: Mihaela GRANCEA
Email: mihaiela.grancea@ulbsibiu.ro

 Stalinist Romanian Films about Childhood for Children

Abstract: While the ’50s represented a new decade of expressiveness in western cinema, along with new ideological approaches, the feature film in the European communist space was determined by the nature of the political totalitarian regimes and the specific phenomena of the “cultural revolution.” In totalitarianism, the relation between civitas/community and the feature film followed the ancient model of the rapport of the Greek city to the civic and ethical finality of the theatre. Under these circumstances, the film becomes the most vulnerable of arts. Cinema was confiscated and transformed into engaged art, with an essential role in building the paradigm of the “new man.” Although the ’50s meant the development of the technical-material modern background, the increase of film production and consumption of feature film, in Romanian cinema, the artistic references were few. The concern for film production of the prewar and interwar periods were drastically limited by the political class and the cultural ignorance of the politruks. The films Nufărul Roșu [The Red Water Lily] (1955), Mingea [The Ball] (1958), and A fost prietenul meu [He Was My Friend] (1963) followed the directions of the Stalinist ideology that lasted longer than in the USSR. Only Elisabeta Bostan overcame the limits imposed by the communist regime and the censorship of the era. Thus, her films still retain the unaltered charm of childhood.           

Keywords: feature films, Stalinism, childhood, adventure, miraculous beings

Căliman, Călin, Istoria filmului românesc [History of the Romanian Film]. Bucharest: Editura Fundației Culturle Române, 2000.

Grancea, Mihaela. “Revista Film între promovarea ideologiei comuniste și nevoia de liberalizare a discursului artistic: anul 1956” [The Film Journal between Promoting the Communist Ideology and the Need of Liberating the Artistic Discourse: Year 1956]. In Învățământul de partid și școlile de cadre în România comunistă. Context national si regional [The Party Education and Cadre Schools in Communist Romania: National and Regional Context], edited by Sorin Radu. Iași: Editura Universitatii “Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, 2014.

Grancea, Mihaela. “Film Magazine: Between the Communist Ideology and the Need to Liberalise the Artistic Discourse (1956).” Brukenthal. Acta Musei IX, no. 2 (2014).

Grancea, Mihaela. “Despre aventură, școală și vacanță în filmele românești din perioada comunistă” [On Adventure, School, and Vacation in Romanian Films of the Communist Period]. In Educația publică și condiționările sale (secolele XIX-XX) [Public Education and it Conditions (19th-20th Centuries)], edited by Cătălina Mihalache and Leonidas Rados. Iași: Editura Universității „Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, 2015.

Grancea, Mihaela. “Năică descoperă lumea” [Naica Discovers the World]. Revista Film, no. 1 (2022).

Jitea, Bogdan. Cinema în RSR. Conformism și disidență în industria ceaușistă de film [Cinema in RSR. Conformism and Disidence in Ceaușist Film Industry]. Iași: Polirom, 2021.

Petrescu, Camil. Note zilnice, (1927-1940) [Daily Notes]. Bucharest: Cartea Românească, 1975.

Vasile, Aurelia. Le cinéma roumain dans la période communiste: Représentations de I’histoire nationale. Bucharest: Editura Universității din București, 2011.

Biblioteconomie

Științele limbii

Științele economice

Antropologie. Studii filozofice

Teologie

Studii literare

Mircea Eliade’s Unpublished Manuscripts from Private Collections: Notebooks I & II (Calcutta, 1929-1931). Critical edition

Autor: Eugen CIURTIN, Andreea APOSTU
Email: e.ciurtin@ihr-acad.ro

Abstract. The present series of contributions critically edits in Romanian and English, with concordances and commentary, a string of unpublished, multilingual manuscripts written by the young Mircea Eliade, Indologist and historian of religions in South Asia, from 1929 to 1931. Previously unknown, the manuscripts were purchased by a private collector, who most graciously contacted the editors in February 2023 and bequeathed them for the present publication. The series complements ECCE | The Complete Critical Edition of Mircea Eliade’s Scholarly Works before 1945, under the auspices of the Institute for the History of Religions in Bucharest (first two volumes forthcoming).

Keywords. Mircea Eliade, private collector, colonial India, History of religions, South Asian studies, Romanian culture, European culture, manuscript studies, critical editions.

Eliade 1932 | 1991 | 2003      Eliade, Mircea. Soliloquii [Soliloquies], cu un portret inedit de Mac Constantinescu. Carte cu semne 1. Bucharest: Institutul de Arte Grafice ‘Bucovina’ I.E. Torouțiu, 1932. Republished as Solilocvii, “Notă asupra ediției” [Editorial note] de “Editura” [by the Publishing House]. Bucharest: Humanitas, 1991. Reprinted Bucharest: Humanitas, 2003 (without “Notă asupra ediției”).

Eliade 1932a   Eliade, Mircea. “Encheiresis naturae”. Cuvântul VIII, no. 2486, March 23, 1932, 3.

Eliade 1932b   Eliade, Mircea. “Pseudo-Indika”. Vremea, V, no. 260, October 23, 1932, 7.

Eliade 1935     Eliade, Mircea. Șantier. Roman indirect [Work in Progress. An Indirect Novel] [pe copertă: Șantier. Roman]. Bucharest: „Cugetarea” [P.C. Georgescu-Delafras], 1935.

Eliade 1936     Eliade, Mircea. Yoga. Essai sur les origines de la mystique indienne. Paris: Librairie orientaliste Paul Geuthner & Bucharest: Fundația pentru Literatură și Artă ‘Regele Carol II’, 1936.

Eliade 1994     Eliade, Mircea. Erotica mistică în Bengal – studii de indianistică – (1929-1931) [Mystical Erotic in Bengal – Studies in Indology], cuvânt înainte de Mircea Vulcănescu [sic] [și “Notă editorială la Cuvântul înainte” de Marin Diaconu], ediție îngrijită și prefață de Mircea Handoca, Seria ‘Folio’ no. 3. Bucharest: Jurnalul literar, 1994.

Eliade 2012     Eliade, Mircea. “Intime Aufzeichnungen. Gedachte, niedergeschriebene und übertragene Fragmente in Indien [sic]” [Intimate notes. Fragments thought-out, written down and transcribed in India], in Mircea Eliade, Indiens mystische Erotik, aus dem Rumänischen übersetzt und herausgegeben von Richard Reschika. Berlin: Verlag der Weltreligionen (im Insel Verlag), 2012.

Eliade 2016     Eliade, Mircea. Yoga. Eseu asupra originilor misticii indiene [Yoga: Essay on the Origins of Indian Mysticism], critical edition by Eugen Ciurtin. Studies and Documents in History of Religions 1. Bucharest: Institute for the History of Religions, 2016.

 

Ciurtin, Eugen (coordinator), Andreea Apostu (scientific secretary), Ionuț Daniel Băncilă, Daniela Dumbravă, Octavian-Adrian Negoiță, Cătălin Pavel, Vlad Șovărel, and Bogdan Tătaru-Cazaban, eds. ECCE | Ediția critică completă Eliade. Opera științifică (ante 1945) [The Complete Critical Edition of Mircea Eliade’s Scholarly Works before 1945], vol. I-II. Bucharest: Institute for the History of Religions, 2023.

Apostu, Andreea. “Mircea Eliade’s Virtual Bibliography: Two Manuscript Folios Linked to Valkyries in the Library”. Revista Transilvania, no. 11-12 (2022): 71-79.

Ciurtin, Eugen. “Cincizeci de ani în Asia” [Fifty Years in Asia], in Johann Martin Honigberger, Treizeci și cinci de ani în Orient [Thirty–Five Years in the East], Cuvânt înainte de Arion Roșu, Notă introductivă de Bernard Le Calloc’h, ediție, studiu introductiv, note, addenda și postfață de Eugen Ciurtin. Iași: Polirom, 2004, 8-89.

Eliade, Mircea. Autobiography, vol. I, 1907-1937. Journey East, Journey West. Translated by Mac Linscott Ricketts. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1981.

Eliade, Mircea. “Erotica mistică în Bengal” [Mystical Erotic in Bengal]. Vremea, V, no. 241, June 12, 1932: 6.

Eliade, Mircea. “Glossarium (Note de curs). Alte inedite [I-II]” [Glossarium (Lecture Notes). Other unpublished pages, I-II]. Published by Mircea Handoca, Jurnalul literar, XVI, nos. 11-16, June-August 2005, and XVII, nos. 7-12, April-June 2006, republished in M. Handoca, Mircea Eliade – pagini regăsite – [Retrieved Pages], Bucharest: Lider, 2008, 326-346.

Eliade, Mircea. Memorii [Autobiography]. vol. I, Bucharest: Humanitas, 1991.

Eliade, Mircea, ed. Zalmoxis. Revistă de studii religioase, publicată sub direcția lui Mircea Eliade [Zalmoxis. Revue des études religieuses vol. I–III, 1938-1942, Paris: Librairie orientaliste Paul Geuthner & Bucarest: Imprimeriile naţionale, sous la direction de Mircea Eliade]. Ediție îngrijită, studiu introductiv, note și addenda de Eugen Ciurtin. Iași-Bucharest: Polirom, 2000.

https://enescueliade.com

Prasāda, Rāma. Patañjali’s Yoga-sūtras, with the Commentary of Vyāsa and the gloss of Vācaspatimiśra. Sacred Books of the Hindus 4. Allahabad: Panini Office, 1910.

Ricketts, Mac Linscott. Mircea Eliade: The Romanian Roots, 1907-1945, vol. I. Boulder & New York: Columbia University Press, 1988.

Ricketts, Mac Linscott. “Eliade and Goethe”. Archaeus 6 (2002): 283-311.

Woods, James Houghton. The Yoga-System of Patañjali, or the ancient Hindu doctrine of mind, embracing the mnemonic rules, called Yoga-sūtras, of Patañjali, and the comment, called Yoga-bhāshya, attributed to Veda-Vyāsa and the explanation, called Tattva-vāiçāradī, of Vāchaspati Miśra, translated from the original Sanskrit. Harvard Oriental Series 17, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1914 (repr. 1927).

Samuel Beckett and E. M. Cioran: The Passion for Ruins

Autor: Arleen IONESCU
Email: anionescu@sjtu.edu.cn

Abstract: In this article I will focus on three major intersections between Samuel Beckett’s and E. M. Cioran’s works, irrespective of the fact that Beckett chose mainly the medium of prose and theatre, while Cioran chose the philosophical essay. Starting from several biographical encounters mentioned in Beckett’s Letters and Cioran’s Cahiers and the section on Beckett from Anathemas and Admirations, I will first explore autobiography as a “figure of reading” (Paul de Man), and use my role as a reader to become a sort of judge who looks into the different ways in which Beckett and Cioran wrote a type of autobiography always veiled through what I will call Facing / Defacing / Figuring / Disfiguring, also searching for possible reasons why they insisted on believing that in life one must keep on trying against all odds. The second comparison will delve into Beckett’s and Cioran’s “absentheism” (a concept I borrow from Jean-Luc Nancy) and negative theology. The third analogy will deal with the way in which Beckett and Cioran performed failure in their works.

Keywords: Samuel Beckett, E. M. Cioran, stylistic proximities, autobiography, disguise, “absentheism,” negative theology, failure

Acquisto, Joseph. The Fall Out of Redemption: Writing and Thinking Beyond Salvation in Baudelaire, Cioran, Fondane, Agamben, and Nancy. New York and London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2015.

Adorno, Theodor W. Negative Dialectics. Translated by E. B. Ashton. London and New York: Routledge, 2004 [1973].

Alber, Jan. “The ‘Moreness’ or ‘Lessness’ of ‘Natural’ Narratology: Samuel Beckett’s ‘Lessness’ Reconsidered.” Style 36, no. 1 (2002): 54–72.

Andrei-Baron, Dumitra. “Naître de nouveau dans une langue nouvelle: le problème du bilinguisme chez Cioran et Beckett” [Being Born Again in a New Language: The Problem of Bilingualism with Cioran and Beckett]. In Approches critiques (III), Cahiers Emil Cioran, edited by Eugène Van Itterbeek. 129–133. Sibiu and Leuven: Éditions de l’Université Lucian Blaga and Éditions Les Sept Dormants, 2001.

Bair, Deidre. Samuel Beckett: A Biography. London: Picador, 1980.

Balan, George. Emil Cioran. La lucidité libératrice? Paris: Josette Lyon, 2002.

Baron, Dumitra. Variations po(ï)étiques – Les matériaux intertextuels anglo-américains dans l’œuvre de Cioran. Sibiu and Cluj-Napoca: Editura InfoArt Media and Editura Mega, 2011.

Beckett, Samuel. Catastrophe. In The Complete Dramatic Works. 455–461. London: Faber and Faber, 1990.

Beckett, Samuel. Endgame. In The Complete Dramatic Works. 89–134. London: Faber and Faber, 1990.

Beckett, Samuel. “Fizzles.” In The Complete Short Prose 1929–1989, edited and with an Introduction and Notes by S.E. Gontarski. 224–246. New York: Grove Press, 1995.

Beckett, Samuel. “Lessness.” In The Complete Short Prose 1929–1989, edited and with an Introduction and Notes by S.E. Gontarski. 197–201. New York: Grove Press, 1995.

Beckett, Samuel. “Texts for Nothing.” In The Complete Short Prose 1929–1989, edited and with an Introduction and Notes by S.E. Gontarski. 100–154. New York: Grove Press, 1995.

Beckett, Samuel. The Letters of Samuel Beckett, vol. 2: 1941–1956, edited by George Craig et al. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.

Beckett, Samuel. The Letters of Samuel Beckett, vol. 4: 1966–1989, edited by George Craig et al. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014.

Beckett, Samuel. The Unnameable. In Samuel Beckett Trilogy: Molloy, Malone Dies, The Unnameable. 293–418. London: John Calder, 2003.

Beckett, Samuel. Waiting for Godot. In The Complete Dramatic Works. 7–88. London: Faber and Faber, 1990.

Beckett, Samuel. Watt, edited by C. J. Ackerley. London: Faber and Faber, 2009.

Beckett, Samuel. Worstward Ho. New York: Grove Press, 1983.

Beer, Ann. “Beckett’s Bilingualism.” In The Cambridge Companion to Beckett, edited by John Pilling. 209–221. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1994.

Bejan, Cristina A. Intellectuals and Fascism in Interwar Romania: The Criterion Association. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019.

Blanchot, Maurice. The Infinite Conversation. Translated by Susan Hanson. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2003.

Blanchot, Maurice. The Writing of the Disaster. Translated by Ann Smock. Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 1995.

Bolea, Ştefan. “Toward the ‘Never-Born:’ Mainländer and Cioran.” Revue Roumaine de Philosophie 65, no. 1 (2021): 145–155.

Bollon, Patrice. Cioran l’hérétique [Cioran, the Heretic]. Paris: Gallimard, 1997.

Boué, Simone. “Entretien avec Norbert Dodille” [Interview with Norbert Dodille]. In Lectures de Cioran, edited by Norbert Dodille and Gabriel Liiceanu. 11–42. Paris: Editions L’Harmattan, 1997.

Bradatan, Costica. “Geography and Fragility.” Angelaki: Journal of the Theoretical Humanities 15, no. 3 (2010): 1–8.

Bradatan, Costica. In Praise of Failure: Four Lessons in Humility. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2023.

Bradatan, Costica. “The Philosopher of Failure: Emil Cioran’s Heights of Despair.” Los Angeles Review of Books, 28 November 2016, https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/philosopher-failure-emil-ciorans-heights-despair/. Accessed 30 December 2022.

Bryden, Mary. “Figures of Golgotha: Beckett’s Pinioned People.” In The Ideal Core of the Onion: Reading Beckett Archives, edited by John Pilling and Mary Bryden. 45–62. Reading: Beckett International Foundation, 1992.

Casement, Patrick J. “Samuel Beckett’s Relationship to His Mother-Tongue.” In Transitional Objects and Potential Spaces: Literary Uses of D. W. Winnicott, edited by Peter L. Rudnytsky. 229–245. New York: Columbia University Press, 1993.

Cavaillès, Nicolas. Cioran malgré lui. Écrire à l’encontre de soi. Paris: CNRS Éditions, 2011.

Cavaillès, Nicolas. “Le Corrupteur corrompu. Barbarie et méthode dans l’écriture cioranienne.” Genesis (Manuscrits-Recherche-Invention) 25 (2005): 85–106.

Cavaillès, Nicolas. Le Corrupteur corrompu. Barbarie et méthode dans l’écriture de Cioran. Paris: Le manuscrit, 2005.

Cavaillès, Nicolas. “Suicide, décomposition, corruption. Genèse et dialogisme du Précis de décomposition de Cioran.” PhD Thesis, Université Jean Moulin Lyon 3, 2007.

Cioran, E. M. A History of Decay. Translated by Richard Howard, Foreword Eugene Thacker. New York: Arcade Publishing, 2012.

Cioran, E. M. Anathemas and Admirations. Translated by Richard Howard, Foreword Eugene Thacker. New York: Arcade Publishing, 2012.

Cioran, E. M. Aveux et anathèmes [Confessions and Anathemas]. In Œuvres, Annotated Edition by Nicolas Cavaillès, with the collaboration of Aurélien Demars. 1019–1128. Paris: Gallimard, 2011.

Cioran, E. M. Cahiers, 1957–1972 [Notebooks, 1957–1972]. Foreword Simone Boué. Paris: Gallimard, 1997.

Cioran, E. M. “Encounters with Beckett.” Partizan Review, XLIII, no. 2 (1976): 280–5; republished in Samuel Beckett: The Critical Heritage, edited by Lawrence Graver and Raymond Federman. 375–380. London and New York: Routledge 2005 [1979].

Cioran, E. M. Entretiens [Interviews]. Paris: Gallimard, 1995.

Cioran, E. M. Exercices d’admiration [Exercises of Admiration]. In Œuvres, Annotated Edition by Nicolas Cavaillès, with the collaboration of Aurélien Demars. 1129–1250. Paris: Gallimard, 2011.

Cioran, E. M. On the Heights of Despair. Translated by Ilinca Zarifopol-Johnston. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 1992.

Cioran, E. M. The New Gods. Translated by Richard Howard. New York: Quadrangle Books, 1969.

Cioran, E. M. The Temptation to Exist. Translated to Richard Howard, Introduction Susan Sontag. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1968.

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Vintilă Horia. Exil și călătorii

Autor: Rodica GRIGORE
Email: rodica.grigore@ulbsibiu.ro

Vintilă Horia. Exile and Journeys

Abstract: Published in 1960, in France, the novel God Was Born in Exile (Dieu est né en exil) confirmed the talent of its author, Romanian born Vintilă Horia, and also the originality of a writer who had to leave his native country after the World War and use a foreign language (in fact, more than one: except from French, he also wrote in Spanish and Italian). It is obvious, then, that the general issue of exile, Horia’s main preoccupation within his entire literary work, also reflects his own tragic situation and stands for the difficult choices the author had to make during his lifetime. Often compared to Mircea Eliade, Eugen Ionescu or Emil Cioran, his contemporaries, Horia is another important representative of Romanian exile, even if his circumstances were less favorable as far as the reception of his work is concerned. In God Was Born in Exile, the Latin poet Ovid’s journey to Tomis mirrors Horia’s uprooting, but at the same time expresses a symbolic initiation – both of the protagonist and the author: during his eight years of exile, Ovid discovers not only the fundaments of Christian faith, but also the way to liberate himself from all the personal sorrows (and his youthful vain desires) and to firmly believe in his own literary art.

Keywords: exile, 20th century literature, modern novel, journey, initiation, quest.

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Ignacio Prat y la transducción dantesca

Autor: Alessandro GHIGNOLI
Email: ghignoli@uma.es

Ignacio Prat and the Dantesque Transduction

Abstract: In Spain during the second half of the twentieth century a certain type of poetry was born that did not find the place and the space for the debate that it undoubtedly deserved given its high linguistic and literary value. In this sense, the poetry of the Spanish poet Ignacio Prat deals with those types of writings that flank with experimentalism and with the true avant-garde itself. In this piece of work and through the study of a text entitled “Lineamenta” we will endeavor to show how the presence of a universal poet such as Dante can be perceived in the making and editing of the very text of such a poet. The proximity between literary creation and translation is proven here with the analysis of the poem, which, as we shall see, is influenced by the presence of Dante by a game of intertextual cross-references that achieve to offer us a poem of high communicative content adorned with diachronic literary materials that the Spanish poet can reuse for a text of contemporary poetry.

Keywords: Ignacio Prat, Spanish poetry, transduction, Dante

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Romanele lui Camil Petrescu din perspectivă substanțialistă

Autor: Andreea POPESCU
Email: mariaandreea.popescu@ulbsibiu.ro

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyse the manner in which the concepts defined in The Doctrine of Substance represent a starting point for each of Camil Petrescu’s pieces of writing. After making an overview of the writer’s philosophical system, I will focus on his novels in order to demonstrate how the interpretation of the literary works changes when the interconnection between the two fields in which the same writer operates, namely philosophy and literature, are taken into account.

Keywords: Camil Petrescu, substantialism, literary analysis

Bibliography:

Călin, Liviu. Camil Petrescu interpretat de… [Camil Petrescu interpreted by…]. Bucharest: Eminescu, 1972.

Călinescu, G. Istoria literaturii române de la origini până în prezent [The History of Romanian Literature from its Origins to the Present]. Bucharest: Fundația Regală Pentru Literatură și Artă, 1941.

Manolescu, Nicolae, Arca lui Noe: Eseu despre romanul românesc [Noah’s Ark: Essay on the Romanian Novel]. Bucharest: 100+1 Gramar, 2002.

Petraș, Irina. Proza lui Camil Petrescu [Camil Petrescu’s Prose]. Cluj–Napoca: Dacia, 1981.

Petrescu, Aurel. Opera lui Camil Petrescu [Camil Petrescu’s writings]. Bucharest: Didactică și Pedagogică, 1972.

Petrescu, Camil. Doctrina substanței (I,II) [The Doctrine of Substance]. Bucharest: Științifică și Enciclopedică, 1988.

Petrescu, Camil. Patul lui Procust [The Bed of Procrustes]. Translated by Ileana Orlich. Bucharest: Minerva, 1976.

Petrescu, Camil. Ultima noapte de dragoste, întâia noapte de război [Last Night of Love, First Night of War]. Bucharest: Jurnalul Național, 2009.

Popa, Marian. Camil Petrescu. Bucharest: Albatros, 1972.

Zamfirescu, Vasile Dem. „Studiu introductiv” [Introductory Study]. In Camil Petrescu, Doctrina substanței [The Doctrine of Substance]. Bucharest: Științifică și Enciclopedică, 1988.

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